SiMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

MEMORANDUM

S-77-73

•To

..........

Senate ?

...........

Faculty of Science - Analytical

Subject ......

Biochemistr

y

Pro

p

osal Incy.i.rig

Courses - CHEM397—O,398—O,_399-0 -..Clnica

From ............

R.Reilly,Chairm

Senate Committee on

ndergraduat..tuclies

Date .......

UAW. .19.79................................

Chemistry

S

Action taken by the Senate Committee on Undergraduate Studies at its

meeting of May 15, 1979 gives rise to the following motion:

MOTION I

"That Senate approve and recommend approval to the Board of

Governors, as set forth in S.79-73 , the analytical biochemistry

option proposal, including:

CHEM 397-0

- ?

Clinical

Chemistry

Hospital

Training

CHEM 398-0

- ?

Clinical

Chemistry

Hospital

Training

CHEM 399-0

- Clinical

Chemistry

Hospital

Training."

It was noted that the basic nature of the proposals had earlier gone

forward as a new degree program in Clinical Chemistry, with the hospital

training courses identified as credit carrying. At that time the proposals

had been approved by SCAP, by Senate and by the Board of Governors. The

present proposal does not provide for credit for the hospital training

programs. It is envisaged that following experience with the program as

proposed, it might become clear that it would fit the Cooperative Education

model, but the proposal is not being forwarded at the present time in the

full Cooperative Education mode.

It is proposed that the fees for these three courses be applied in

the same fashion as for the practica courses in Co-Op Ed., i.e. one-half

the 15 credit load fee plus the off-campus student activity fee.

It was recognized that these courses should only be introduced if

the required funding is obtained and that the request for that funding

must be pursued through the normal budget channels available to departments.

Time Waiver: SCUS approved a waiver of the normal time lag requirement in

order that CHEM 397-0, CHEM 398-0, and CHEM 399-0 may be first offered in

the Fall semester 79-3, subject to approval of the courses by Senate and

the Board.

7-.

N. R. Reilly

.. ?

/kb

---

J.M. Webster

• SiMON FRASER

......

UNIVERSITY

S

............-,

Ctff

?

7y-/2

,'•

?

•J(

MEMORANDUM

Mr. H. Evans

?

J.M.ebster

• ?

,).................................................................................................................................From.................................................................

Registrar

?

Dean of Science

ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

?

1979 05 09

Subiect

.......................................................................................................................

.

Date ...... ... .

............

....

... ........... .............................. ... .......................... .......... ...

Please be advised that the re-written version of the Analytical

Biochemistry Option within the Biochemistry Programme should be

forwarded to SCUS at your earliest convenience.

The re-written proposal has been examined by Dr. Kemp, Chairman

of the Faculty of Science Undergraduate Curriculum Coinmitte, and

he recommends that this proposal go forward for immediate consideration.

JMW/mgj

• ?

cc: Dr. A.S. Arrott, Chairman

Physics Department

cc: Dr. M. Mackauer, Chairman

Biological Sciences

cc: Dr. E.J. Wells, Chairman

Chemistry Department

cc: Dr. M. Singh, Chairman

Mathematics Department

cc: Dr. C.L. Kemp, Chairman

Faculty of Science Undergraduate

Curriculum Committee

Biological Sciences

0

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DOCUMENTATION FOR ANALYTICAL 9IONEMISTRY PROPOSAL

OUTLINE

BACKGROUND

PROPOSAL

Comparison with Previous Clinical Chemistry •B.Sc.

Proposal

ADMISSION

Operation of Option

Objectives of Option

Proposal Calendar Entry

Special Instructions for CHEM 397, 398, 399.

Rationale for Operation of CHEM.397, 398, 399

Practica. as P/W Courses

Course Proposal Forms and Outlines for Previously

Approved CHEM 420, 423, 424 and Course

Proposal Forms

and Outlines for CHEM 397, 398, 399 (previously ap-

proved for B.Sc. clinical chemistry each carrying

15 hours, now proposed for the described option with

zero hours)

Budget

Duties of Proposed Appointee in Analytical Biochemistry

Involving CHEM 397, 398, 399

fl

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BACKGROUND

The growing complexity of analyses of biological ma-

terials for medical and environmental purposes has created

a need for well qualified B.Sc. biochemistry graduands

possessing a sound foundation in analytical biochemistry.

It is envisioned that such individuals will fill the void

between the

levels

of the laboratory technologist and the

Ph.D. research scientist.

A survey of institutions offering the type of training

envisioned revealed that in Canada there are few western

universities involved in this area.

Much of the current need for Medical Laboratory Tech-

nologists is met by personnel trained in two year programs.

In

British Columbia training in Medical

Laboratory Technology

is

to the two year level, undertaken by a number of approved

and accredited hospitals in cooperation with the B.C.I.T.

and Cariboo College. In practice, a grade twelve graduate

enrolls in the Medical Technology program at B.C.I.T. or

C.C. After one successful year of formal training equiva-

lent to senior matriculation the student applies for spon-

sorship

to an approved hospital. If sponsored, the student

completes

one further year at the educational institution

and proceeds to one year of practical hospital training.

After a successful hospital training period, candidates

are eligible

to apply to write the C.S.L.T. (Canadian Society

.-

S

ti

---

-2-

of Laboratory Technologists) examinations, These

exarniña-'

tions are multifaceted in that they test the

candidate's

expertise in hematology, clinical microbiology,

histology,

clinical chemistry (analytical biochemistry) and blood bank

technology. Successful completion of these

examinations

leads to the professional qualification of

Registered Tech-

nologist with what is termed a General Certificate.

A survey of B.C. hospitals and private laboratories

in 1974 indicated a need for persons specializing

in the

area of Analytical Biochemistry. The provincial need for

such trainees is currently estimated at ten per year and

is barely met by recruitment from outside the province.

The more attractive alternative would be the training of

B.Sc. biochemists utilizing the proposed option and upgrading

qualifications of technologists with two year's formal

training utilizing again the proposed option in biochemistry.

S.F.IJ.'s initial response to the need for B.Sc.

level

training in analytical biochemistry was the

development of

appropriate courses and constituted the mainstay of

evening

refresher courses in cooperation with the Education

COt,1t-

tee of the B.C. Society of Medical Technologists during

1974-78. These were highly successful and well attended

by practicing laboratory technologists.

Parallel with these offerings and in consultation with

professional groups and hospitals, S.F.U. developed a pro-

posal for a B.Sc. in Clinical Chemistry. This proposal

S

•0

.

4

---

-3-

was built around existing degree offerings but differed

from existing degree packages sufficiently in that it was

considered a new program. The proposal was endorsed by

the hospitals' professional bodies and the University.

It was not, however, approved by the University's Council.

The reasons for this rejection did not lie in the pro-

gram's academic or practical merit but were construed to

lie in the nature of the U.C.B.C. program approval process.

It was 'suggested by several authorities involved in the

discussion of the proposal at U.C.B.C. that the proposal

was worthy of pursuit preferably as an internally arranged

option.

1

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• ?

.0

- t i -

PROPOSAL

?

^A

The Biochemistry Committee undertook a reevaluation

of

the

course offerings in Chemistry, Biosciences, Bio-

chemistry,

?

Kinesiology, Mathematics and Physics at S.F.U.

with a view toward development of an undergraduate

option

with an emphasis in Analytical Biochemistry.

?

This led to

the formulation of a core of courses which were considered

necessary for the graduate to meet the requirements pro-

posed by Committees on Education in Clinical Chemistry

(CSCC). ?

The sequence of courses that evolved from this

examination contained the biochemistry majors core pro-

gram, additional existing S.F.U. courses in the area of

analytical biochemistry and allied areas as well as hospital

practica which had previously been approved for the pro-

posed clinical chemistry program.

This analytical biochemistry option is minimally

changed from the previous proposal in Clinical Chemistry.

It is designed so that the student will be eligible to write

the Subject Registered Technologist Certification Examina-

tion in Clinical Chemistry concurrent with obtaining the

B.Sc. degree. ?

This option will also be available to

in-

terested medical laboratory technologists who wish to pursue

their studies in such a way that they will be eligible to

write the Subject Advanced Registered Technologist Examinations

in Clinical Chemistry concurrent with obtaining the B.Sc. degree.

Because of the requirements of the Canadian Society of Laboratory

/

---

-5-

Technologists that a student train in an approved labora-

tory for one year as a partial requirement for an R.T.,

each student without prior hospital laboratory experience

will be required to train in an accredited hospital or bio-

medical laboratory normally in one semester of each of the

second, third and fourth year of study.

A comparison of the two proposals is given below.

Using the proposed B.Sc. in Clinical Chemistry as the starting

base, the proposed Analytical Biochemistry option is gen-

erated as follows:

..

Courses required of students

in Clinical Chemistry B.Sc.

with no previous post-secondary

training.

+ ?

A -

?

D

?

Analytical

(Add) ?

(Delete)

?

Biochemistry

Option

Biochemistry:

?

301-3 ?

The Structure and Reactivity of Biomolecules

?

302-3 ?

Metabolism

?

311-2

?

Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory

?

312-2 ?

Metabolism Laboratory

?

403-3 ?

Physical Biochemistry

(A)

?

412-3 ?

Enzymology

(A)

?

413-2

?

Physical BIochemistry Laboratory (A)

Bioscience:

o..

101-4

Introduction

to Biology

102-4

Introduction

to Biology

202-3

Genetics (A)

302-3

Genetic Analysis (A)

401-3

Biochemistry

- Regulatory Mechanisms (A)

402-3

Molecular Genetics (A)

428-3

Experimental

Techniques I

---

-6-

Chemistry:

104-3

General

Chemistry

I

105-3

General

Chemistry

II

115-2

General

Chemistry

Laboratory

117-2

Quantitative

Chemistry

Laboratory

233-2

Inorganic

Chemistry of

Biological Processes

251-3

Organic

Chemistry

I

252-3

Organic

Chemistry

II

256-2

Organic

Chemistry

Laboratory

'I

261-3

Physical

Chemistry

(A)

356-2

Organic

Chemistry

II Laboratory (A)

397-.b ?

)

398- 0

?

)

Hospital

Training

399-0

?

)

416-3

Modern Methods of

Analytical Chemistry

420-3

Clinical

Chemistry

II

423-3

Clinical

Chemistry

II

424-2

Clinical

Chemistry

Laboratory

Kinesiology:

?

100-3

?

Introduction to Human Structure and Function

(D)

?

336-3 ?

Microscopic Anatomy (Histology)

?

405-3

?

Human Physiology I

?

406-3

?

Human Physiology II

?

407-3 ?

Human Physiology Laboratory (D)

Mathematics:

S

.

101-3

151-3

152-3

253-3

302-3

Physics:

120-3

121-3

333-4

Computing S

105-3

Introduction to Statistics (A)

Calculus I

Calculus II

Calculus III (A)

Statistical Methods

General Physics I

General Physics II

Introduction to Instrumentation,

in the Life

Sciences (D)

Hence:

Introduction to Concepts and Procedures (D)

fl

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-7-

All the preceeding courses in the Analytical Biochemistry

Option except

BISC 303-3,1428-3

CHEM 416-3, 420-3, 423-3, 424-2,

397_0*.,

398_0* and

399_0*

KIN 336-3, 405-3, 406-3

MATH 101-3

1

302-3

are part of the existing Biochemistry majors core. Of

these, CHEM 420-3, 423-3, 424-2, and earlier versions of 397-0,

398-0,and 399-0 were previously approved as part of the

Clinical Chemistry program and the remainder are part of

other B.Sc. programs. Students may be admitted to the B.Sc.

Biochemistry program with advanced standing. Transfer

credit may be granted for appropriate academic course work

completed at other institutions to a maximum of 60 semester

hours. Acceptable practical laboratory training (an accepted

equivalent of CHEM 397, 398, 399) may also be transferred

but only for students who are accepted into the Analytical

Biochemistry Option.

Students pursuing the Analytical Biochemistry Option

must complete additional university B.Sc. requirements to

acquire the necessary credit hours for graduation. For

the degree program with a major in biochemistry these re-

quirements involve the completion of an additional 13 semester

*

These

courses do not counstitute part of the B.Sc. degree

requirements

but must be completed by students accepted

.. ?

in the Analytical Biochemistry Option. To be consistent

with present generally accepted practice, no formal credit

is assigned although students registered in these courses

would have all the priviledges associated with full time

(15 hours) enrollment.

MA

---

S

-8-

hours of electives,

six

of which must be from

outside the

Faculty of Science. ?

S

Students in the Honours Biochemistry Program

and also

pursuing this option will normally be

expected to ahieve

a cumulative grade average of B and complete

an additional

25 semester hours of course work including Biochemistry

491-5 (Undergraduate Research) and

six hours from outside

the Faculty of Science.

Typical Outline for Analytical Biochemistry

First Year (36)

BISC 101 .

4, 102-4

CHEM 104-3, 105-3, 115-2, 117-2

MATH 151-3, 152-3

PHYS 120-3, 121-3

Second Year (31)

CHEM 233-2, 251-3, 252-3, 256-2, 261-3

1

, 397-0

BISC 202-3, 302-3

KIN 336-3

MATH 253-3, 101-3

?

;

Electives,

3hrs.

Third Year (:30)

BICH 301-3, 302-3, 311-2, 312-2

CHEM 356-2, 398-0, 416-3, 420-3

KIN 405-3

5

406-3

MATH 302-3 ?

; Electives, 3 hrs.

.

/0

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-9-

Fourth Year (31)

SBICH 403-3, 412-3, 413-2

BISC 401-3, 402-3, 1428_3

CHEM 399-0,

423-3, 424-2; Electives 9 hrs.

TOTAL 121 Hours

II

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- 10 -

A flit

?

S..

Entrance requirements, operation and objectives, for

the Analytical Biochemistry Option closely parallel those

of the earlier clinical chemistry proposal and are described

below.

Because of the need for concurrent theoretical and

Practical training we recommend that only those

applicants

be admitted into this option who can be placed in teaching

hospital, or appropriate biomedical, laboratories during

the course of their studies; i.e., registration in CH

EM

397, 398, 399. It is recommended that this requirement be

waived for those students with one year of similar laboratory

experience.

The proposed mechanism of entrance is as follows:

1.

The student applies to S.F.U. and is accepted into

the University.

2.

The student completes first years of basic science

courses (per Typical Program Outline) and

applied to

the Biochemistry Committee for admission into the

Analytical Biochemistry Option of the biochemistry

program.

3.

The Biochemistry Committee, together with the off-campus

laboratory personnel (Advisory Board), select students

to be admitted. At this time provision for

off-campus*

laboratory training is made.

---

1 • ' • ?

- ?

-1]-

4.

?

Students admitted go forward.

Operation of Option

It is proposed to establish an advisory board to over-

see the operation of this Option. Membership should be

distributed between the Biochemistry Program Committee and

appropriate personnel of the laboratories involved

in the

off-campus training. The advisory panel should be involved

in curriculum review and coordination of the off-campus

training. This latter function will involve selection and

placement of students in approved laboratories.

Objectives of Option

To prepare the Biochemistry graduate with the following

abilities:

1.

Work independently in the analytical biochemistry labora-

tory.

2.

Read, understand, develop and standardize methods for

routine laboratory use.

3.

Understand all phases of analytical biochemistry labora-

tory operation.

4.

Minitor quality control.

5.

Troubleshoot a method and spot potential errors.

6.

Understand data reduction and dissemination.

7. Understand the

physiological significance of the

data.

8.

With guidance,

aid in the training of technicians

and

technologists in methods of analysis.

---

- 12 -

9.

Understand the. fundamentals of instrumental

design,,

operation and methodology as used in

analytical bio-

chemistry laboratories.

10.

Assist the laboratory director in carrying out re-

search projects.

Proposed Calendar Entry

?

.

The following is the proposed calendar entry

following

the section describing the requirements for

Biochemistry

honours (Page 363, 1977-78 Calendar).

Analytical Biochemistry Option

The practical training courses, CHEM 397-0,

398-0, 399-0,

will be arranged through the program advisor.

Registration

in these courses constitutes a full semester load. In

addition to the regular core requirements of the

Biochemistry

major or honours program, the following courses

must also be

included:

BISC 303-3,

1428...3

CHEM 416-3, 420-3, 423-3, 424-2

KIN 336-3, 405-3, 406-3

MATH 101-3, 302-3

Upon satisfactory completion of the practical

training

courses, students will be eligible to apply for

examination

and certification by the Canadian Society of Laboratory

Technology.

9

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— 13 —

Special Instructions for CHEM 397, 398, 399

?

1.

?

Students must complete normal University registration

procedures and be admissible to the University before

enrolling in CHEM 397, 398 or 399. It is highly recom-

mended that such students complete their University

registration sixty days in advance of the commencement

of the semester in which they plan to enroll in these

courses. In addition, students desiring to enroll in

these courses must make written application to the Bio-

chemistry Committee at least sixty days before the com-

mencement of the semester in which the course commences.

Later applicants will be considered only if space is

available.

• ?

2. ?

In the event that the number of applicants to CHEM

397, 398 and 399 exceeds facilities and staffing capa-

bilities, the Biochemistry Committee will select those

applicants considered to be the best qualified. Can-

didates on a waiting list will be ranked together with

new applicants.

?

3. ?

Students who have indicated their intention to

under-

take

a given semester of CHEM 397, 398 or 399 and who

do not honour this commitment, must consider

that re-

enrollment in

these prescribed courses is not given

automatically. Such permission must be sought by

written request from the student to the Biochemistry

0' __"_s

/;;

---

l'4

program chairman three months prior

to the start

of

the semester in which the student proposes

to re-

enroll in these courses.

4.

Students may request or be required

by the supervisor

to discontinue enrollment in the

practical training

courses.

5.

CHEM 397, 398 and 399 are considered

full time profes-

sional studies and may not normally be taken

in con-

junction with other academic or professional courses.

These courses will be graded on a

pass/withdraw basis

and do not constitute part of the

End of

grade-point

ca1endar entry.

average.

?

•

Rationale for Operation of CHEM 397, 398, 399

as P/W Courses

These courses are designed to give

students practical

experience in various areas or phases of

laboratory work

ordinarily required and conducted

in biomedical laboratories.

Should during the conduct of the these

courses

it

become

evident that the student is incapable of

conducting the

prescribed experimentation, the

student would voluntarily

withdraw or be required, by the

supervisor, to withdraw.

Compulsory withdrawal preserves the

right of the employer

to properly manage a laboratory particularly where

safety of

personnel and equipment might be involved.

W.

---

I ?

S

During the

the last several years two types of practica

designed to help bridge the gap between a student's academic

experience and the world of work have evolved at S.F.U.

The following is an analysis of the similiarities and dif-

ferences between the professional program practicum and

the Co-op. work semester prepared in 1978-05-09 by Dr. Dan

Birch.

.:

/7

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- 16 -

Comparison of Two Types of"Practicum"

?

I

Professional Program?

Practicum

1. ?

Purpose ?

To develop and demonstrate

competence; perhaps for

certification.

Co-op-Education?

Work Semester

To gain

work

experi-

ence

to field of

study.

2. ?

Optional or Required for professional

?

Required

for

addition

Mandatory ?

recognition and, in the

?

of "Co-op"

désigna-

case of Education, for the ?

tion to

degree

but

degree (B.Ed.). ?

degree

program

itself

can

be àoiflpleted with-

out

it.

3. Registration Normal registration pro-

cedures including pre-

registration.

4. Placement ?

Assigned by the University

after some consultation.

Normal registration

procedureS

including

pre-registration.

Opportunity to inter-

viewarranged by

University.

?

5. ?

Primary ?

To University for fulfill-

?

To employer for ful-

Responsi- ?

ment of specified require-

?

fillment of job

re-

bility

?

ments. ?

quirements.

?

'6. ?

Payment to

?

POssible subsidy; usually

?

Full

salary

or wages.

Student ?

minor, if any.

S

7. Supervision ?

Close and regular super-

vision by University per-

sonnel and agency personnel.

8.

Withdraw]. or At the option of the stu-

Discontinua- dent or of the University;

tion ?

under some circumstances

University will arrange

another placement.

9. Grading

?

"F" representing profes-

sional adequacy or "W" in-

dicating voluntary of in-

voluntary withdrawal.

10. Place in ?

Added on as part of a

Degree ?

"fifth year" (Education)

Requirements or integrated.

Regular

employment

supervision, little:

University supervision.

At the option of the,

student or. the employer;

University will not

intervene.

"F" representing com-

pletion Of term's

em-

ployment; "W" indicating

failure to complete.

Added on, cannot dis-

place other. courses.

91

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- 17 -

Co-op Education?

Work Semester

No course credit but

fulfillment of co-op

requirements.

"Half" fees in recog-

nition of administra-

tive services, including

job-finding; very

limited supervision.

Professional Program?

Practicum

11. Credit

?

Full course credit for time

spent e.g. EDUC 401 - 8,

EDUC 405 - 15.

12. Fees

?

Full fees in recognition of

services, supervision and

credit.

These points were considered by SCAP in 1975 in a dis-

cussion of mode of operation of CHEM 397, 398 and 399. The

results of these deliberations are summarized in the attached

(S76-lO)

Course Proposal Forms and Outline for Previously Approved

CHEM 397

9 398, 399

2

420, 423, 424.

The laboratory training program is designed to allow

the student to

gain

practical experience in a functional

clinical chemical laboratory. This practical training will

supplement the theoretical courses (Chem. 420 and

423).

/9,

---

- 18 -

Budget

1.

?

Personnel

Faculty Position (2 X 1/2) $25,000+/year

- Instructor for CE-IEM 420, 423 and 424.

- To act as a student counsellor on matters

pertaining

to the program.

- To supervise the selection and

placement'.-Of students

for field training.

- To coordinate, monitor and assess the progress of

students while in field training.

- To conduct a related research program.

- To liaise with off-campus offices,

institutions and

individuals as may be necessary for the

proper opera-

tion of the program.

Adjunct Professors (10)

These will be hospital or

pr ivate-laboratory

based

clinical chemists who wilt be responsible for

the day-

to-day teaching of students in field

training.

Teaching Assistant

For CHEM 424 whenever offered (1 per year, $3,000)

Teaching Assistants

For CHEM 420 and CHEM 423 (1 per year, $6,000 each)

2. ?

Equipment

For CHEM 424 Laboratory $10,000/year.

S

20

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-

19 -

0à

S

?

3. ?

Laboratory Supplies

$3,000/year

?

.

?

Travel Expenses $1,500/year

TOTAL

?

$485500

Duties of Proposed Appointee in Analytical Biochemistry

Involving CHEM 397, 398, 399

1. To promote good public relations with hospital labora-

tories and such other institutions as may be involved

in the training of students.

?

2. ?

To liase with hospital laboratory administrators and

provincial government offices in connection with wages

or stipends for students while in training in hospital

laboratories.

3.. To jointly arrange a syllabus of instruction with each?

training laboratory for the training of students

pursuant to the objectives of CHEM 397, 398 and 399. The

syllabus will vary depending on the patterns of work-

flow within the specific laboratory, and on the in-

dividual student's prior experience.

?

L. ?

To supervise the selection and placement of students for

training purposes in (CMA) approved laboratories.

?

5.

?

To coordinate, monitor and assess the progress of stu-

dents while in practicum tra-ning and to maintain records

thereof.

6

A

?

?

I , ?

To advise hospital laboratories in the selection and

assignment of suitable laboratory exercises to fulfill

the requirements of the syllabus (attached).

BM

---

- 20 -

7.

To hold regular, probably bi-weekly, tutorials for

these students in the lower mainland, and to

arrange

for same in other areas as needed.

8.

To act as a student counsellor on matters

pertaining

to the practical training.

S

a

22

---

SEN

A

:rK COMMLTThE ON

UNi)ERCMDUATh STUUI

1

4 coy

NL

-

)epartrneIlt

.

Calendar In—formation......

Abbreviation Cods

_9i ?

Couzes Number:

—

397 ?

Credit Hinirs:_2_.._ Vector;________

Title of Course:

Clinical Chemistry Hospital Training

Calendar DescriPtion of Course:

Full-time practical Training in approved hospital

and biomedical laboratories in the use of chemical diagnostic tests.

This course is required for the completion of the Analytical Biochemistry option and

is not transferable to other degree programes at S.F.U.

Nature of course

Prerequisites (or specisi.

1DF11

,wtions)

CHEM 117 or permission of the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry program advisor

What course (courses), if any, is being dropped from the calendar if this

course is

approved:

None

2. Schedulin ji

Now frequ

en t ly

will

the course be offered?

Every semester

Semester in which the course will first be

offered?

Fall, 1979

Which of your present faculty would he

ji

vaijal,le

to

mak

p

the

pr'osPd

offering

possible? None.

•

3. Ob

j

ective s

of the Course

To give the student practical clinical laboratory experience in approved labora-

tories and to meet Canadian Society of Laboratory Technologists requirements

for registration as a medical technologist in Clinical Chemistry.

4. BudastarY and Space Requirements (for information only)

What additional resources will be required in the following areas.,

Vacuity A

S.F.U. employed coordinator will be required.*

Staff ?

Nil

Library

Nil

Audio Visual

Nil

Space ?

Nil

gquipnt

Nil

•* Same person as instructing Chem. 420, 423 and 424.

5. pprovml

?

-

Dsts__

?

)C/___

DePtmanL.Ch*4rIflafl

?

Dean

if 4-/

Chairman, SCUS

ScUS 73-34b: (When completing this

form, tor

instructions se Memorandum SCUS 73-34a.

Attach course outline).

---

Cleir.

?

97

?

CF-!T

?

I

STU1I

?

.

-

?

A.

?

A'1AT'J1i A.i' p

5 y

,

: ?

I

B

1.

CELL.

?

The

a.

de3cr

L

3 ? 'r' ?

:r:,' ?

f'ine,ion,1, ?

o" ?

zttion of the

?

nucleus

and ?

e'

:

4

b.

dej.'ib.:

-

cell trars:nr. ?

iirs ?

(metabolism)

Sped

?

'call.T, r:--ithiJ.i ty,

?

filtration, ?

Ii

fT

'usion,

and

osmosis

c.

der-be cell

diision - mitosis

2.

CIRCIJLATOY SY

r.

?

The student; sai 1

a. descrhe an-I

dif

ere:1i

?

1Fn: ?

blood, serum,

and

plasma;

body

water; ?

1y!nn.

b.

descrIbe the

structure and function c' the hetrt

c. de-rihe ?

the' function

of

arteries, capillaries, and veins

3.

DIGEST1Vi

S?S'i.

The student shall

a. dercrh ?

the

struetue and function of the component parts (includiri

the liver and

arr.)

b

describe the

m

.

aor pathways of

digestion

and metabolism

of

carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

. NERVOUS

SYSTEM.

The student, shell

a.

describe the

gener-iii ?

structu

v.

e of the breIn and spinal

cord

b.

describe the

formation s

?

function, and reabs iç.tor of spinal fluid

5.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

?

The

student shafl

a.

describe the

structure and function of the lungs

b.

c.

describe

describe

thethe

me

trarort

I-sr; o'

and

chloride

exchange

shift

of gases in the

blood and

lungs

6. ?

ip:y S(1.

?

The st'd:. s!".1i.

a. describe the s

t ructl!ru en

l

.

f

unction c' the ki.

b.

describe the struct,ur. an-I furtcton of the r.ephron

C.

state the function

or

ueter.3, urinary bladder,

end

urethra

d.

describe the for:aa';.ion or urine, statmn the factors

governing

foration and vo1u

e.

define *khrcho1-I sub vn:n

f.. describe three ways in which the kidney maintains homeostasis

7.

ENDOCRINE SYS'L. The s ;:i:

.

:'t shn

1

a.

define •hori.;on

b.

name th.. hoe;-:-:

:1 ?

the p ti

ll

..

tery,

, thryod, prthyroid

a'euais,' par.ce-;.,

c.

and

in sir:le

function

terr3

de:ti.L' for

t

h

e

in

7.b. location, structure,

ORGAIIC OK T:;.-PY RE:

r

Al ?

T crj ';lT, CF

i

TSI':

y

. The stulent

shall

1. NONCLATuFj1;

a. describe

(It,JPAC)

the

Sys€'n

Irtt-::tior.1

?

f' n';--':;c.1t.ui.e

Union

for:

of Pure and Applied

Chemistry

(i) aicoiioln

(2) aldehjd-

(3)

ketonc;

(ii) carboxiii

b. give11 the JUE','

??

:'•. :.?

of any of the a-ove types Of compounds

state the fune t i or I grup in that molecule

c. given the stru-'

Mr. 1

for :jl for e.n alcohol, aldehyde,

ketone, or

ca-i,-1 i.e 'ci' , state the IU1

>

A name for that compound

.,

.

---

CC. 2

':3

1,hj.t are used

?

-

?

..

?

.

?

.: t.y trid state

?

cet.i orial group

of the

e.

• ?

i.i,.

?

' ct.-i j r'.:-

of r.:lno ?

using their corn-ion names

2.

ei'Iy c(.v'1ent , ?

ni c ,

?

:d'1i y droi;'n ?

sg

3.

:t

Ste

1.ht :

J

.

1C

?

Cp. ?

,,

?

. i (5

of ni ?

.-.:

c

?

nd

FrOcatiC

compounds

h.

?

st:te .he (1

?

';tet.krLStlC

of ?

'L

o

f

t.;C ?

()]

?

ne.; z

.

roups that is con:oniy?

used i ri it'......

b. 3.ctcre

c.

ea1xyiic rcid

d.

amino R(id

c . ?

r.'!)!1T3;y Y-: .-.''4i'1CS .UD

?

Ai-1S ?

rYj..

?

't

1.

use

c..on 1 c0artui:s

2.

use the slide rule

3.

convert from the :Thperial to the

i

n

tric

system

units of linear and volume

:casurmnt, \eiflts, i

=

nd testure

pripare ct brat on cuives

]'U i-

r.g stco 1

(

: fit}u1iic

and linear graph

paper

5. round off figures and dcti me

sriiicant figures

6.

define and use units specified in the International System of Units (SI)

which are atplichle to Ciinic1 Chemistry

7.

define:

?

:cci'icy,

V1'Ci.cfl ?

L;:rrn,

:vin,

;'dan, mode, range,

variance, cceffi.c:nt of v .'&.ton, nd

deviation

sTrrd

8. p iven data from epT1ic:te or iu1 :.c-te Ena1ys s, calculate the mean,

?

?

• ?

edìan, )node,

\'ariaiCe,

standa

r d cl

leviation and coefficient of variation

where aplicable

T

I. PASIC

I.-!!iO3AOY

AND

?

!-fl 1

)J.

?

ocus

A. LOPMORY SAFETY.

Th

ctu:nt shall

1. recognize sou'ces of OF.nver fron

c"mosives (e.g.,

as cylinders, volatile,

flarratory liuiñs),

lr otory

esu:icrit., chc-'cRl burns,

poisoning

2. exercise

precautors to 1c.en the

?

'srs of ncctous

hazards in the?

laboratory

a.

centriftge ?

rosc'T!s

(1)

tse of sutahic c-crt'in-rs .o r:.vcnt rhae or

leakage

(2)

operation of ccntrifues itr.n s;.fety cabinets

b.

spillege of infectious :ater5nls

?

cc.ntar..ir.tion

following

laboratory eccid-:nts

c. handling clinical

?

.ciuns - DsLsonal hygin9

practices

3. prevent

laboratory ccidnts by i:sr safety d--Z-vices provided

in the

laboratory

). apply

prirnry first aid

?

n,ccssa-y

5.

be familiar

with.fire rihtirit .:ouirent nd c r

occdures in

the institution

6.

follow

institutional procedures for rerortinc

ccidC-nts

B. ?

1.3S

JtJm

LJ'Si C

1.

state the

rJ' ?

rtes o

?

'c. i'on

?

of

1 ..

?

s and plastics

2.

select and cc'rrec.ly uc

ii

a;ers, 'buret cs, .'-:-::r ?

tubes, flasks,

funnels, Erivated ci-rs,

syrir.ges. :

.

rd Test yTh'

?

W ?

3. Dipettes

a. ?

inty crci cr'.t:y

.

-

S C-

..........--t-;:

s-To1in and

&roio-:cal ?

-í '

sc ?

cr.:rc.tt-s c: •c: ------:c

r

lelir)

---

CC. 3

b.

! ?

f TC, TD,

and

frose ring ("blow out")

piei

c.

deribe U

?

au.

?

pin'tte3

end b'rette3, syringe pipettes,

and

'Oi ty

?

y

d.

d

.

sri: ?

u

?

r n.

?

of syringe tye

rtiicropipettes

14. deterrnirt

(see N't; c'

t)'

?

tol'

?

:c

r ?

or

;.:' ?

.;

?

?

g3isswre

i' catc

'

( t

using

and

tolerance

reference

of

tables

C:r .ii't:i Cove .t:..rt

Specifications Borc1)

5. cleariinc

a. prep;' arid u

?

lanir

solutions (acid dichromate, nitric acid) and

dete- 1

;nL (ion

j.

-

and nonionic)

b. describe

pro.edwm for mane.-.1 washing,

rinsing, and drying

c. describe

t• C

:at:iou of semi-automatic pipette

washers

d.

stc.te the ccrr

•

:.ii.Ahod

or storing glass

and

plastic

ware

C. SOLUTIONS AND RE.C':T;.

?

)e st;uent sLe3.1

1. differentiat.

h•t-r

n ?

t;-s

of eheriics — analytici, technical,

coirrcie.]., C.P., U.S.?. or B.P., certified A.C.S.

2. prepu'e, st't.

?

, and correctly

store

the

following types of

chemical

solutions:

mo', ro

l

l,

nor.tl,

isotonic,

standard ,

and percentage

(w/w, v/v,

W/'i)

3.

use

table. to det

?

n- visco3ity

and

the

solubility of solids, liquids

and gases

4. use

tabli to ?

melting,

and boiling points

5.

prepar.

and

adt ?

he

çH

or the buffered

solutions used in Appendix —

SELECTED fth.)')

6.

store, safely h

rll,

and dpcc of

uns able

and dangerous

reagents

corrronly used in th

e

' Cini.cr1 Chnistry labor.tory

in accordance

with

the

recor..'.•:-ntcns of

?

Pirc M-r

t'i

and governr-ent

regulations

D. STkNDDIAT.O

1. QUALITY

COi'jF-CL. 'iTh.e studtrnt shli

a.

efir.._ t'nc civr 2teri;t'cJ c'f,

prpar,

and tis' a primary, secondary,

stock , and rc-k.ng se..'

b. rec.i'

?

ut:-: of c-i'r

it. C

.ibrali,.

Clinical Cheriistry methods

C.

monitor ?

of te ;.:

ui ?

dunlicate

and replicate analysis

d. asi

its

?

1.1 ,

-_

in

Of'

ti

i.s.'I-:

­

?

?

L.t;rc

ax:iple

or

aI

a

?

coircially

quality

available

control

materials

program and

e. pre.

e

qtl

?

ccntrLl ckvir'

f. reco

,

-'z-,

frc ?

i0ity con t

rol ch.rt:, prohle';

of random and?

syt."'

2. NOKbA.L Wwu:;. ln

?

....

!

n

j

'i

no-i;-.J

Vc].UC3

the student

aha).1

b.

a.

?

stbe

.

tate

thc

critcci

.:-

'x-

of analyses

th12

select--

required

i on

of subjects

for a valid

statistical analysis

c.

reprent:nt d-

?

for

:t.aList-.cal pu o'cs using

(1)

his:: ?

:'i.rir;

G'iu,irn and

nor.-Gaussian distribution

(2)

rn.n an1 ± ?

isnrci

deviaticn

E. STERILZATIO An!) ?

:-' :

(

1J.Oi. Tht zt&enh shall

1.

be aiar of th-:

Do'. -.

il h'-n:-cI of patient sar:ples

2. chemically

d

i-i ?

or

Ste r :

ii ': al].

equirent

corLarriatetI

by known

infectiow

I

3.

t.

?

termiri

chemically

.

..ily c e

d

::i

*rf'-..

.i

br

c:,r

auLoc

;tc.Jz

:..i

all.

r

?

or

equiprnt

iricine taio:

involved

known

with

infeótious

CSF

analysis

matt,rial bforL ci:n

5. folloi p'.rscn1. gc :2 hy.t' pr.tice

?

to r:d.uce hazards

to self

---

F

?

(.10j.,1.

;jj.

?

r ?

2L1l

1.

:1(:(.:t ?

C ?

... ?

JH.:• ?

flt. ?

.L.i

? ':quird ?

for blood

on

2.

ii:•t.;'y ?

r o'orI ?

:fl3

?

eripheral punctures

.

3.

, ?

. . ?

,'cd ?

.;

?

i ;:;

by ?

v ?

.i:.:t.tie ?

­

rid

?

peripheral puncture

h.

cc) I ?

C. ?

tL' ?

'(1 ?

'fur ?

a v.r.i

?

rctur ?

Lnd

a peripheral

ci:i2

1

5.

'

oe:t ?

; ?

2 ?

ry ?

ri.1.

?

'J

?

1,1o:jd

6.

?

'Lst

?

i.

of

?

rH)Q

?

(;ing

.atieizt and/or snplo

2

?

:)tl f;'. ?

J- 1. ?

fl ?

Ti ?

1.

?

Of

?

o1

.

i ?

cn to

final disposal of the

ZI

?

C.

?

:fl

8.

state ?

tte ?

. ?

't.-

?

24 ?

):r ?

)1) ?

•ri1:ctjOfl

9.

.p'e: IV,

?

h ?

,

?

he

?

ii ?

E ?

:n(: ?

'

?

.n ?

i.tS due

?

to patient's

a. ?

d:it ?

'

?

:1'u Jr

?

cid

b. ?

.c-C- ?

Co

?

d

C.

?

intv..1osf ?

ws- ?

protein, ?

g1 ?

cse ?

c1 ?

eitclrolvtes

10.

state the

?

tib:ifty of blood, C.S.F., and uutne constituents (including

cells) with 1'pcct to iuhtncts deterndnc'd in the diagnostic laboratory

11.

dccribe

?

the

?

:h1 c

?

.'ids ?

for collection,

?

1-rc

­

e-cvation,

?

and safe

ship:r,nt of

12.

describe

the ?

l ?

Frt of

?

'±c:-.ens through the mall in accordance with

postal regulations.

C

?

B

A

SIC )1CTRICJ'

The

stu&rit

?

11 ?

'fire

?

'.''r ?

o'i, ?

'jolt, ?

.:Lt, ?

circuit, ?

direct ?

current

(DC),

and ?

Cl ?

1:Tiik

?

cu.L'r:),t

?

(Ac)

lii. ?

(P

?

!:J,yTicAL r

?

ciDUES JiD

A.

?

WEIGHING AND ?

1 t .

:C'. ?

The student shall

1.

state the thtory of ?

in

?

I ?

rici p )rs

of addition

and

substitution

2.

dc-onstrrtc- the ?

'c.:ct

?

erc md use of

?

L.':

.

crt.ory ?

alances(rough

and

analytical)

3.

describe the ol'

and

?

sif

?

ue

:'ion

of st.!"crd ?

eights

B. ?

CENTRIFUGES

1.

THEORY OF CN. L-.c-T!I. ?

Te ?

11

a. ?

define crtri f'ial force,

?

'vo1uticrs per riute (RPM)

and relative

cc:ntriftal force (CF)

b. ?

apply c:r.tri u'-1 tory to the separation of liquid-solid

and liquid-

liquid ?

Tirtures

2.

APPLICATION (eLeh tjes, 'r:c

?

ajcity roriial ter.peratu.re

floor models,

and her tvc1t t;.-

?

cmtrifu-c- ?

).

?

The

student shall

a. ?

list cc:pern. p

,

-.r s end tir func:t'.n ?

(rotating shaft, brushes,

horizontal and

r-

nle heads,

?

tl shields or buckets, trunnions, and

cvs)dor.$)

b ?

dero!ist:ete

?

c:'-rLct

?

c'ce're of cratior. (loc

r

ttion, balancing tubes,

lced.ri,

?

•r.,iind

?

:;t

?

jiig)

C.

?

don-te th ?

u: ?

of a ?

r1c::r for usuririg speed of

rotation

d. ?

do';stra.e ?

5. p

iC r:r.t:.T-!.ce ?

(rout ire cleaning of bowl

and

buckets,

ltforcaticn. and ?

cin

?

't1accint of brushes)

'IHEI.MAL

C. ?

EQ1i!-NT.

?

Th'

?

s u:nt z.11

1.

convert fror ?

c:. ?

tc ?

:c ?

c.-: ?

C . 1E'

y 'S

?

(ent€.-ade), rahrtheit,

and kelvin

?

(sc.:.t')

2.

state the

?

cple ivol'.. ?

.tllic ?

rhernztats

3.

o:rte ?

t::.i,•r:t,;

?

'.z:'l

?

;t'- ?

of ?

cvn ?

nd 'ter bths

---

CC. 5

D.

?

u;:ioi

OF PUi

?

WA

t

i

:. The

S

j':

1.

state the prncipi.e of

and

c;eaor,

the u ?

of

a still

2.

state the bac thc

?

Ct'

ion ex:r.-

resins and describe their use in

der.ire-1-i zes

3.

de..riLe the u:

?

of

crj'.r:cA1.

aiJ rnbr.:c filters

. test for th s.ci :'ic

reistc•

or

water

E.

?

H

y

DC•C.'i IuEi ACf.v.iY ?

'. ?

T ?

3t1..:rt shall

1.

state the BrnsLe:.1. theo

?

of pH

2. state the characteristics of appropriate indicators

for visual comparison

in titration for any soecific ac'.d-base titration

3.

define

buffer and state the

4.

prepare buffer

SOlUt

j

cti

uiir

r

standard prpe.rtion charts

5.

deterir{ne hydrogen ion

acti'rit

(pH) using

a pH

meter

6.

describe the

design and care of

glass and

reference electrodes

7.

state the effect

of ter:oerLure r pH :eaurement

F. VOLUMETRIC ANALYStS. The stu'. ihd1l

1.

state the principles anti uscs of acid-base titration

2.

perform acid-base titratioris using both

indicator and electrometric

end-points

3.

describe

the preparation of an acid-base titration curve

4.

syt.0

use an acidbc titration carve to select the

most appropriate

indicator

5.

state

the basic theory

or

oxThtioi -- reduction reactions

6.

perform an oxidLior -. reduction titration using permanganate - oxalic

acid syste.r.

G. GASO-TTC ANALYSIS. The st. '

?

shli

1.

state

Charles'

Law and Eoyle's

La-er

2.

differentiate

bct;een maiontric and volu:tric techrdqus

3.

cite

ex9mples of mar

i

or:etric ar volurretric tests

H. OPTICS AND

LIGi

(Theory arc.!

Apr'ic

tir.r)

1. RADIANT ENEhGI . TL

sttvt sh

al. '.

a.

give a

Si'.j

1

e;i ?

ton of tbe nattire of light

b. rela t

e

the u1tra'icict, visw.l,er.d infrared

spectra

to their

approxiirtt w' ?

lerth

c.

relate

velocity to

'd ?

1€c:h

rrd fr€tu.nc,

and state

the significance

of each

d. define re

f lection, r fr; .t

o1

e

?

di rr.cto

2. OPTICAL THEORY

AiD ITS AiTCAiO IN t41CPOSCOPI.

The student shall

a.

dernstrate an urLd.rten'i

?

of light paths

in

a couioun4 micro3cppe

and

the sinif'icance of' refracLiv index end resolution

b. identify

and

stat th fun:cion of objectiis,

ocui.e.r3 codener

condenser and field

iris diaphrai, stage,

and light source

c.

calculate

?

ifict ion uing a

compound microscope

d. for a

coi:pound iicio.cope

dnonstrate proper use, incding Kohler

illumination, and n

?

ttc!lrIice (clean and replace and center light luib)

3. TH-0R'1

a.

identify

OF COtiORiMfRY.

thre ,

ma

i

-

cr ?

Th st'':t

''hy

shall

photoelE:etric

?

co].orimetry is

0.

prefe

r

red to ?

ut.) C& ur tr ry in Clinical Chemistry

b. exu1. j tt the p

?

cf

?

abcorpt;ion and trensrr.ittence in

liquids in t. ?

of the l•'r..; '-IrLert Law

---

C

C.

6

•

?

J4COCj;.1 (

?

1t: f..Li'1 ut

?

1

a.

st'.te Le

f

i.:

c.r ?

2 ni I..tJ

?

c1

1: ?

filter

and ?

iionstrate

. ?

the

Ccf, ?

t

?

'(j1'

a. !.pe-c-i ?

I

st

b.

state te

''41:ti

cr

?

id 11i95

tt.r1;

eC a

rm

C

•

state t.-,e

Y'ttor, nd )

?

u ?

of a ?

on

crating

d.

dj:onsLr:t.e he

?

etion of the c.frct :

?

l..!:th using an

instr.::nt with a j.'i or a

?

:L

e. e,.l'xi n

?

d ?

r an :rtJ'.

C.

:'1 exit rtit with

a prism

or

diffi'act5.in

?

'L.g

1. in ?

•r ral

?

, ?

he

uee

of irxt.rf*i;jCe

filters

C. diffc-ntiat.e i'.:t:c':n sile

?

d o'1

'

le l.anu

s.ectophotcmeters

h ?

define

end use th2 :y,.ho1.s of the

?

's a):rorbance ,

transmittance

absorptivity ,

i.. 1:r

utt,oriV.ty

i .

?

cscri.be the ..-1 .

?

a

?

, perceflt trn5;ittaflce rind

absora;e nnd

?

:. ?

.e .. . L

?

1 ly

j. state

t11

effect of L .3 w1iui

On .

5.

COLOR AND LIGHT MASUUiG DYVICES

a. Thotce1ectricColori';Ler

(fi1tr

ty).

P he stident

shall ?

Ti)

ctnte the principles, a1plicat.icn,

nd

li.ait.ations

(2) conduct ir .

inor maintenance

(3)

calculate results fro re-dings using single and

uultiple

standards

b.

Sectrorhoceters (p'ism u1n, 'ooJlro'etc-rs).

The student

!hall

(i) state

the piuicpJ.S, ?

2ic'tion and liit.ations

of these

ii'.-r.ts

(2) state the

?

of c.ch of the foi2c.wing light sources: tungsten

bulb, ircury vapor, ?

ydroen and deuterium

lamps

(3) sample

holders (cuvet.tcs)

(a)

state the effcts of diffr:vrut

si:;es, shapes and materials

and

their

jlir ?

iiqs

(b)

ntch a set of cuvettes

(4)

photo cells - describe, tat.e the principles

involved and give

the

uses of: a

1 1Errier layer cell, a photo

e!issive cell and

a photo ruitiplier

(5)

explein the function in the r.asuring system

of a Ea1vanoneter,

a potc-nticrter and anull-point ieter

(6)

calculate

results :'rcin ierirs using

single and multiple

standards

c. Flame

Fhotoirt.er. ?

tuient haU

UT

state the princiie, applications

and

limitations of flame

photo&try

o

S

29

---

CC. 7

f.

?

Ffr:tc::c:e:; .

?

Th- s..iJ-: ?

de:r!.be ti.'.

principle

of

refractotr

and giv, expii

of its application

1. AUIOMATED

ANAL1S1 (ccr.Linut flc.i)

The following

ruts can be applied to any"Tecnicon

Analysis Syste&'

(e.g., eith'r

kt'J

or A.Tl) . The student shnJl

1.

describe

the-pl.:- aul the ue of st.' sto in the

selection of

sarn)] ?

0 ;?.ni Er:

.

i O

?

d•L trLrJ.or

2.

demonstrate krowJ

dce

or

,:jr.uriat

sizes and

types of pumps and the

pump tubing and

the

function thereof

3.

give

principles of

dialysis, stating

the

effect

of temperature, pressures

particle size,

proteins, and

type of meibrane in the dialyser

,

1. describe

mix

i

n p ,

coils and t.me delay

coils; define "time delay"

5.

define "reaction

bath" and state the

purpose of

controlled ,teerature

6.

state

the principle

of deii of the colorimeter

1.

describe the flow cuvette

8.

state the function of a bubble pattern; describe

its adjustment

9.

state the b.sic principle of operation of

a

recorder

10.

convert peak heights of recorder trac.n3

into concentrations

11.

use flow diar:n to

set ut rnethod3

12.

perform

routine

maintenance according to

the

manufacturer

a"routine

theck chart"

J. ELECTROFFIORESIS. Une

StU(fl

Shall

1.

state

the priticipleG and usc

2.

list

the

properLies of

anpho1ytes

3.

ste.t the

effects of pH and

ion concentration of

the

buffer, support

media, t .':ra

1

.ure, titc, current., and voltage

on

electrophoretic

14

•

?

per'o

....

cc.

?

e ?

or;c ?

or ?

prcteirt3

Iv. EAST C

BIOCi ?

]1.;

AiiCP..OT

TO CLTIAL

CHEMISTRY

A.

CABORiDRAT..

1 .

?

• ?

Th ?

t.

.V ?

.

a.

st'.t

?

functioni.l grour of any carbohydrate

b.

differei.te betwee:i a tro

?

ccharide, disaccharide

and

poly

3.ccnkric

c.

define triose

?

pe:to..' , and he.:oc

d.

state the p

.:ert

ar.

the fuL orrl. geouj

involve-

1

in most

'.

0'

mono

Cr

e • s t .r th s

•

uo

t

..ua].

i t

:rC ?

.

e.

reducing su.r and a

ncrc.dcr:g suL.;.r

f.

identify the fo]iodnz a.

-7

redueir. ?

or nonreducing

carbohydrates:

glucc,lac tore,

ge].actoc,

suero.c, and starch

g.

give an abbcviated dcscripion of c.ibohydrate

metabolism

2. APPLICATIOU. The studnt sIv&ll

a.

deterzft.ne

glucose quantitatively in blood and

C.S.F. (See Appendix

SF.LECTu) MI-.T}(iDOLOGY)

b.

deter p

inc glucose ser:!iq

?

titt: v)y in urine (See

Section V

ftE4AI..

FUNC LON)

C.

state the

cot:.Cifl SOC

?

of error

in p-rforn an

oral and

intv:rcno

?

gln'or ?

oler.c tert. t}'.t occi: before

the aepies are

anr.1:d

d. perform th' c:'

?

J ?

...

ly;i. ?

olvd in glucose tolerance tests and

record

the

date in Er hic form

L

30

---

I

- ?

•1. ?

j ss-

•

s

r..

h.

j'

1 ?

n a

?

H-W

?

'id

:d

a ?

ci-.uund

lipid

c

1E

i.

ty ?

t,t'

?

of

1

itids

in polar and

C ?

:

iv

(

I

-

;s.

-'1

?

i, ?

of

?

-I

ol i

id

triglycerides

e • ?

ta-e ?

r

.

j

ii

of ?

t'c i;:'

2. ?

J.PLTCJ-tiiON. ?

t. ?

uil.l

a. ?

.tte

The

j' ..ei11

?

of

fhol::t.iOl-

?

t:r-

t.icn using

iron color

h.

?

for

C. ?

t;Lfort. ?

-- ?

.

C

C.

?

o'fns

1. 'uJU.OY.

?

tu:nt :-a1l

a.

L

Ava a

s

i,,

ple

desc:L-i.ion

of

?

pritry, ?

co1ary

Fnd

tertiary

trt.vre

of

protein sttirag tLe

?

'ia:ice of

eptide and

hydrogen?

bonds in

protcAn stiiicture

b.

Ante

the tructurl c r.ctristic of a protein

that is coznnonly used

in

the ?

sur,;,1.-nt of ?

riuii y-rtDtsin (pptide bind)

C. ?

deACrlba the :•-•. -1 cl

?

. ?

1 't. ?

n of I

d. ?

state the

'

i:

?

cs ss

?

:'i

? of

?

cbin

2. APPLICATION. The turat i11

a.

differentiate

betcn

?

1 111

ri

)

',Lu.iin u' rag

physical

(electrophoresis)

rrd

LicR].

(it fs-iction)

techniques

b.

describe

de

binding

tee eics n the

?

aysis of albumin

c.

state

the

prracipcs of z

ind

peronr. the buret reaction

d.

state

the ?

nificrrc of and

?

scribe tie detection

of

protein in

urine (S

r

e ecticn V

1

?

T1lJCTT())

e.

state

the significce, detection, and Tiasu-e!:ent

of

protein in CS?

and u:ine vsing ti:.-.ric l.c:ri:es (see Ection V,' CEREBROSPINAL

FLUID

f.

state

C.

the

?

Cnifi r 'e

i

?

ncjr.

: ---d :

?

elcbuLins in serum and

urine

g, demonstrate- the tchrv:s Icr the e:ct

ion. of herolobin

h. detect occult

blood in

feces

D. UZYIb8

1. THEORY. The student shall

a.

given the coon

na

y ne, the int-:-i-netional Uraior. of

Biochemists (IUB)

syateitatic r.eine, or

the l:rr

.

ica1 equation representing

an enzyme

catalysed reaction, ?

th erzy.rae iroiveci as one of the follow-

ing

types: oxidc-r

?

.t'-e, ti ?

rie, ?

or isorrase

b.

state an introducoi- hry of

?

ie -inics

c. state t1e

effect of time. t

?

:raure, pH, Eu.;s1rte

concentration,

activators,

4oncr ?

ir

r

.bi ors, cL:et1t1

e inhibitors and

co—enzymes on cr.:yr52

?

t'Rty

repr: Y..aicn of :'ro ord•r

kfr.tics

e,

d.

define

draw

"endpoint"

a

?

a, ?

graphic

::.otcn" ty:s of enzyne ?

asuremnts

f. given

the unit

?

fi.i:

?

roriate ?

ta,

calculate er.yit.e

?

level

---

CC.9

g.

define itrLternatjora]. Unit

h. explain

th. use of enzys as reagents

in ters of the prob1ea

involved and the concentration

required

2. APPLICATtO. The student shell

a. state the

physiological

factors influencing levels of the following

enzymes in blood: ar.ylase,

acid and alkaline phosphatases,

aspe.rtate

arnino

transfera3

e

lactate dehydrogene.se

b. state the principles used in resuring

(1)

amylse by

arnyloc]astjc and the

dyed-substrate methods

(2)

acid phosohatase using Gutman and

Gutmanmodification of King-

Armstrong procedure

(14)

(3)

aspartate

alkaline

(e.g.,

Babsori

Phosphatase

am

inotransferase

method)

using the

using

Bessey-Lovry

a

dye for

color

method

reaction

(5) lactate

coJ.orjmetrjc

d

ehydrogenase

technique

using a kinetic technique (U-V)

and

a

c. define

LDH isoerzyres

i

aoenz,-m and give an example

of clinical application using

d. perform

the

enzrie test listed

wider

Appendix

SELECTED

METHODOLOGY

E. NONPROTEIN

NITFOGEOUS SUBSTANCES. The student shell

I. give

and their

a simple

excretion

description of urea, creatinine, and

uric acid in the

body

2.

substances

state the $ignificnce of zneIsuren:ent of individual

nonprotein nitrogenous

3.

state the principles of the following methods:

a. urea determinations by urease with Nesslerizatjon -

method, and d.tcetyl monoxite techniques

b. creat

j

njne - Jaffe's reaction

c. uric acid ph

?

iot

1c-st.t

p

and uricase techniqu.!s

1. perform

Appendix

the

SELECTFD

urea

nitrogen

METHODOLOGY

and uric acid tests

by the methods

listed

in

F; ACID-BASE BAWUICr1

1

AN!)

ELECTROI,'!TS

1. THEORY. The student shell

b.

C.

a.

describe

a1'.losis

state

describe

the

the

the

a

cone:ise.tjon

n

d

buffer

reiratory

in retabolic

systthat

and

?

acido

renal

occurs

in the

sis

control

body

in

emd

respiratory

control

aikalosts

of

acid-base

of

acidosis

pH

rólstjon

4

d. state

totel

the

CO

2

,

}I:.

and

r3on

decr

-

Re.5c3.11ac

j

bf

its u;e,

equation,

incotpoeating

PCP2. *nd

e.

f.

state

define

the

electrolyte

role of hemoglobin

balance

aa an o

r

gen

carrier in

s,cid3sie balance

g.

describe briefly

the Mtabol.isni of

electrolytes

and water O.utoreguiatton)

2. APPLICATION. The

student shall

a.

state the g-nera1 principles used in the measurement

of potaesjt

sodium, chloride, CO2/bicari)orjate, calcium,

and phosphorus

?

,

?

4

b.

d.

c.

perfot;tt

state

state

the

the

thc

non

uc

tesL

of

3 values

listed

no'or ?

in

of

App

P

bed

0

2 and

. -mdix

on

p03the

2

SELECTED

in

Hend

arterial

ersonffasselbach

ETHODOLGV

and Venous

eque.tion

blood

1z

---

I.

CLlTCL cIIF:MTSTRY?

fy1 1 us Sources

Sttton

I. A.

1,2

?

('.uylon

3 ?

Cuyton,

Tfr•tz

4,5

?

Guyton

6 ?

Cuyt.on,

?

r1tz

B.

:3tctOfl

•

C.

fl:vdo!in,

?

linry,

Tictz,

Toks

t?Ct1Ofl

It.

A.

:rin,

?

iynch,

?

'

B.

Lyi ' h, ?

.:t(itOfl, ?

fi.:tz

C.

H:wy, !

f strton, Tictz

D.

Henry, T1etz, Tonks

E.

1)avidohn,Lycch, ?

";•cF.te

F.

Davldsohn, Henry, Lynch, Tietz

G.

Ackernann, Masterton

Section

111.

A.

'•terton, ?

Tietz

B.

tLvidsohn

•

C.

Pker, S.L., Lynch, MacFate

D.

Tietz, Vinstead

E,F.

stcton

G.

Henry,h

?

Tietz

H.

1-4 }€nry, Tietz

H.

S a,b,d,e Ackernnn, 1erry,

Tietz,

White

H.

S c,f

?

TJetz

I.

Tctz, Vhite

J.

Fnry, Tletz, White

Section

IV.

,

A.

Henry, Tietz

B.

1. ?

Tietz

B.

2 ?

!eir

C.

1. ?

Tietz

C.

2. ?

11€nry, ?

Tfetz

D. 1.

?

Tictz

D.

2. ?

Fcnry

E,F,C.

i-nry, ?

Tietz

Section

V.

A-D. flnry, Tieiz

E.

T-t

1 :

.

:'c'te

G.

---

7

#L 6c

22/7

7

Chairman, SCUS

?

SENAfl WMLTTU ON UNDERG ?

2

STUDIES,

NEW COURSE PROPOSAL VO*Ii

Department:

Chemistry

-

?

398 ?

Vector:

Abbreviation cod.s_

EM

?

Couzas number:

?

- Credit

ii4)IIrS

?

-

Title of

Course: Clinical

Chemistry Hospital Training

Calendar

DS.CTipt.10fl

of CourMe

Full-time

practical training in approved Hospital or biomedical

laboratories

in use of chemical diagnostic test. This

course is required for the completion

of the Analytical

Biochemistry option and

is not transferable to other degree programs

at

S.F.0

Nature of Course

prerequisites (or spec lel.

mAt IU

U

'

tonø)

Chem.397 or permission of the department of

Chemistry in consultation with the

Biochemistry program advisor.

it any, is being dropped

from the calendar it this course

it

2. Schedulin g

H, frequently will the course be

offered?

Every

Semester

Semester

in which the course will first be offered?

Spring

1980

Which of your present faculty woiili he

RVRIJShJP ti

make the propoaed.itfering

possible? None

. Objectives of the Course

To give the student practical clinical laboratory experience

in approved labora-

tories and to meet Canadian Society of Laboratory Technologists

requirements

for registration as a medical technologist.

4. IudastaZY

md Space

Requirements (for information only)

Wbst additional resources

will be required

in the following

arø*5

*

Ysculty ?

A part-time teaching appointee will be required.

Staff ?

Nil

Library

?

Nil

Audio Visual

Nil

S'ace

?

Nil

What course (courses),

approved:

None

.

Equipment Nil

* Same person as instructing Chem.

420, 423

and 424.

5. Ajproval

Date: ?

.1C4.4J ?

-___

Dman

?

Dean

SCUS 73-34b:-

(When completin

g

this

roun,

for

instrutiCt'

see

Memorandum SCUS 73-34a.

A Attach course outline).

it

---

cc.

1

0

V.

ON.

? t

1.

hiiefly de r'ihe the

?

oi;'.rn of hi l

2.

de.;cribC the

f(:M1Jt

of total

end

c

(

.

r,Jtated hilirubin

and state

the

princiPleS of the j.ic:1re

3.

1u:Ci1b

e@lr'I1 ?

,,• ?

s for hi) iruhin

bi

1.

?

tzte the

j

CEi'

fC

i':C

cC nc';'1 und 1iO,P-1.

?

.iirubifl results

5.

scribe roc.'aS

fr

'the

?

terrn.inat

rj n

Of total protein, alburnifl,

rnd ?

1g1 nun

ritiOS

6.

state the

princip

i cs

nd

dc crice the 1,roir,nifoPhthRle1fl

excretion test

7.

describe the

prdure fr

cctectiflg

bile and urobiliflOtCfl

in feces and urine

8.

perform the ak;1'ne

l

o

?

test (See A

,

pp.ndix BELEMM

IT3ODOL00T)

B. GALIC ''w;cT.tON.

me ?

:t 'r)l

i. state

the noraW.l composition of Cc3triC fluid

2. gastric function

tests

a.

tube

jnethod. 1rte the stininiantS. describe

and perform the procedures

for

uaritittiOfl of fr.;e hydrochloric

acid and

total

acid by titration

and pH

crsufU';'flt;

?

rforrn the calculations , and state

the

normal values;

describe the test for nd state the sinifiCbnCe of

occult blood

b.

tubeless method -

"i-neX

hiue

test". Describe

and perform

the procedure,

the

interpretation of results Frid

CCU3CS

of

false positive results.

C.

1ECES ?

The student shall

1.

describe

the

p,scrOSCOP1C appearafle c

.

f.nor::l f.;ces and state the significance

. '

?

of abnormalit

ies

in color

and consistency

2.

state the principle and test

for

occult blood

3.

test for

fecal fats qualitatively

D. RENAL

FU

N

CTION.

The ?

-hall

i. define

renal

threshold

2. describe

the

fo1

low`

ng tests for rnal function and state the

principles

a.

concentration (FiM'..rc &.nd !.caeflthal) and dilution tests

b.

phenosulfonl-b'teleir,

(s)

excretion

c.

specific gravity iasure.;.ent

d.

creatinine clearance

3.

apply

laboratory

I

?

in calcn)atng renal clearance testS

(See Appendix SELECT.D

r

L4. perform tests

for urea nitroEer

.

in blood.

?

ET13ODOLOGY)

5.

state

the

significant

,

xode of excretion of creatiflifle

6.

state the principles of

masureUert of cicatiflifle

in blood

7.

perform a complete

routine

(semi--quantitative)

urinalysis, ststtng the

principles of the

tests,

purposes, and

normal values, using

tablets,

paper

or powder rethods where a-

pplicable

. ?

color and appsarar.e

b. pH

C,

?

specific gravity

a.

protein

e. ?

glucose

f ?

bile.

piWw:nts (t.i.iiriifl, ncohiiin)

g. blood

(henoglobin)

• ''

?

h. ?

ketones

(acetone and

aetC-3CCtiC

acid)

J. ?

microscopic exenLnetiofl of

urinry

seãimeflt

1Cr-CaStS,

cells and

significant crstlS

J.

?

recognition of the

?

nificarCe of' var

ati0flS

in the macroscopic and

microscopic

?

rrCe of .rire

---

CC.

j.i

8.

tests

s

?

on

th ?

ur

r

i

?

a'd

p ?

t1e

foi

l

ciirig

seni-aualjtatjye

a.

BenTor-

b.

c. di

urohf

fft

?

1'

t,

I

iLi

t

of'

gi ?

1actoe, galactose

E. ?

CEPBjOSF1Ar, iJ

?

. ?

st.'1't

sLfl I

I.

?

list

the

nor:: ?

c ?

ji Lion

3.2.

and

recognize

state

glucose

the principles

varj

ari

^

i.ti.

stt:e

O n j

involved

in

the

the

normal.

ncroscopic

and

values

perform

appearance

quantitative

testa for protein

F. TRANSUDATES

EXJLAT.

AND

The stude;t shall

1. define "

t

rans

1

jre

11.

and

2.

difference

gravity

differentiate

and

quntitatjve

b

Jr.n transud.es

protein and

P

rtl

state

exudate

the

g

using

si

gnificance

tests

for

of the

specific

G.

PREG!IANCY TEY

The student shall sttc the basic principle of one immunological test for

human chorionic gondotro6

j

(licG)

CL1N [CAJ, (J

41SiFY AFFE'WDIX

S[

.

Cj'r1) Mi';1HOC[ OGY

The

student

shal.

1

?

pra';ic&l krw]-

.

. of

1.

wherL

be

ara1yss

the

t&er

clJ.ectin,

apçlicable

?

to

inc1u-

pr::

ani

?

the

.

th

rvatioro

stY

rearon

l e

t

.

and

t

j

cn

for

han'

of

any

the

lin

s;ecia].

S

appropriate

of

sp-E;Cirrens

precautions

ant

for

icoa

chemical

that

o

a

ant

must

2.

3.

. the

the

the

?

?

c1ou1.

rects

?

,

?

th:

! ?

or

?

1'

te

pctc:

?

rrc

tes

.

r.

rtinr

ot

?

?

of

s.r ?

reae1

cctonnts

ts

In

addition th ?

s'it

?

1 ?

sLat.

2.

1.

the princip1.

?

or the: ?

cci rj0 nLho1s e

m

ployed

3.

normal

the prini

va1':, ?

i!i-

oC

t

?

?

in

:!al.sjujjegn

th

?

d•.terzainatlor

?

o ?

ab nor m al values

A.

?

GLUCCSE

1.

METHODS

c.

b.

a.

??

auto

gluoo;.

Nelso-So-

r

rLjc

?

cx;

an.iyi

7

l

?

?

(an

?

(a

?

rnn111.1

feriicy ?

of'

or autouatjc

a cl

(t

?

?

sical

oriinal

en

z

yme

m'nui

method)

a

utomated

m

ethod)

?

ethod)

2.

SPECIFIC ?

POJii. T

?

B: ?

F\1"t'.'jyj.

a. ?

manual

cal cuJ.p-,j0

color-

?

.-Lrjc

P

rOc

t-

AUI-0

us

j

rui

r

a

sinje

pure standard for

b.two

C. ?

redox

bazio

roacj•

tjpo:: of

?

potr

?

precipitation

d.

?

spool fci

?

y

?

o

:,

?

t})r

?

r(con""rj(1cI

?

rrothc.r.s

---

I

?

II ?

(IiI'!

1 .

?

SODS

a.

f*:c1 i in

on

b.

a

eLhI ?

•:ru u-c:se - with 1,

1

&s1erizati.on cd &rtheiot's method

2. ?

i'-:C1 1.L,C PO1IiS IO

?

.'1n:;I /i:D - COTh!IOfl pj)fO1Ch

to automation

a.

cort.i ruc

'

us flow

b.

d

i

. ilys.s

C. ?

L1.71 ' rcii at

.

ion -aid cicu' aI.ion using a

rcordr

d.

iderttificttofl of ; pies

e.

ca

rjcver

i:,:nt:'i.flat1On

f.

L;t'1y ?

;•;':'

g.

Vifl;

?

n ?

s a

C; SODIUI4 PJD

?OT.iSIUM

1.

METHOD - ir.nuai :t'3:'!e

!iJOtci:tfY

2.

SPECIFIC

?OJ.NfS ?

.:4A'

a.

principles of f].-e

iotcLfy

b.

problems of ion

con'in&tiOfl -

preparation

of

redistilled

water

C .

significance of lithium as internal standard

D. CO

2

C 911 TENT

1.

!.sThOD -

?

;'trir mcthud (atelon)

2.

?ECIHC POINTS TO BE }MP1{.4S1ZED

a.

cp

culat .

ionS icvoiving Eases at standard t.prature and pressure

b.

aneerobic collection arid handling of specimens

c.

principles of jsr.!rtriC anAlyses

E. URIC ACID

1. METHODS

a.

unease

b.

phophotungstiC

method using Na

2 CO 3

in place or cyanides (e.g., Carawa)

2. SPECIFIC

?Ol!S TO E

F,

F:4HASIZED

a.

use of an

eriyr:e

to me

'

-sure substrate conc:ntration

b.

principles

and

use of

U.V. spectrophotoietl7

C.

cc.panison of precision of these methods

F. ALKALINE H4OSPHAPASE

1.

IETUOD -

-nitrophenyl phosphate (E2ssey-Lowry)

2.

SPECIFIC POIN?S TO BE iMPHASIZEM

a.

conditions

required

to

determine enzyme concentration

b.

example of ar

enzyme activator

C.

ph dependence of

the

colorimetnic determination of

p-nitrophenol

concentration

d.

preparation of standard curve in manual coloriinetric

procedure

e.

conversion of results to

international units

f.

use of tired sequences

3,

---

CI. IN C\f CH}-..I ! Si RY

Ack ri;ann,

1st ed . ,

P.

1972.

G.,

?

Iec

-B

Li

ronic

t 10-

--r--0-

Inst

-

wn

?

Copty

tonIn

,

Boston.

The

Clinical

Laboratory.

Raker,

Toronto.

Lab

F.

or

J.,

toxyTechnolog

Silvertoii,

r

.

R.E.,

3rd ed.,

Luckock,

1962.

E.D.,

Butterworth

An

Introduction

and Co.

(Canada),

to Medical

Ltd.,

Davidsohu, I., and Henry, J.B., Todd-Sanford Clinical

D j

anosis By Laboratory

Methods. 14th ed., 1969. W.B.

?

&unders Conpany,

Toronto.

Guyton,

Toronto.

A.C., Function Of The Human Bod

y

. 3rd

ed., 1969.

W.B. Saunders Company,

Henry,

Division,

R . J.,

Harpor

Clinical

?

Cherdstrv:

Row,

New York.

PrIncip

2nd

?

edition

Technics.

pending.

1968.

Hoeber Medical

Levinson,

Lea ?

S.A.,

Febiger,

and

New

MacFate,

York.

R.P., Clinical

Laboratory

Diagpsis. 7th ed., 1969.

Lynch,

Medical

M..J.,

Laboratory

Raph:v'l,

Technology

S.S., Mellor,

and

L.D.,

C1j

Sparc,

cai

p

P.O.,

h

v

and

2nd

Inwo4,

ad.,

M.J.H.

1969.

W.B.

Saunders Conpuv, Toronto.

Masterton, W. I.. • and Slowinski , E.J. , ch

?

cal Principles.

3rd ad., 1973.

-- ?

W. B. SainL!.rs Company, Toronto.

Tietz, N.W. ,

?

in ?

Of Clinical Chcruistry.

?

1st ad.,, 1970.

W. B.

Saunders Compau', Toronto.

Tonks,

Divis

0. B.

ion,

, Qt.il

Wail

i t.i

r.

CR

Co

?

i IcoLt

1In

Laboratories,

Clinical Laho

Ltd.

c tories.

, Scarborough,

Diagnostics

Ontario,

Reagents?

White,

Clinical

W.L.,

laborator

Fri.ckcn,

y

M.

. 2nd

,

and

ed.

Stevens,

, 1972.

S.C.,

Mosley

Practical

Conpany,

Auto

St. Louis,

ton For

?

The

;

?

Wins ted , N1. ,

?

R'a :.

?

Gr: .1 ?

'.': ?

: I! ?

, ?

U ?

and 'ny? ?

1st ed., 1967.

StecL Co'

: .>-, Aj;t in, iex,.

---

'iII'()It/\I

(hti ?

)•(,"

•1.

?

1. Auto Analysers with reference to BUN and Total Protein

(a)

Manual of AutoAnalysers

(b)

VARLEY: Practical Clinical Biochemistry, 4th ed., page 162.

2. Quality Control

(a)

Warner Chilcott Manual of Quality Control.

(b)

TEITZ: Clinical Chemistry, pages 46-72.

(c)

HENRY: Clinical Chemistry, pages 122-151.

(d)

VARLEY: pages 35-40.

•:

3. Electrolytes and Flame Photometry

(a)

TEITZ; pages 99-102, 612-636.

(b)

HENRY: pages 48-63, 345-356.

(c)

VALEY: pages 485-511, 513-548.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL: Clinical Chemistry in Diagnosis and Treatment

pages 25-87.

4. Calcium and Phosphorus

(a)

TEITZ: pages 636-650.

(b)

HENRY:

pages 356-378, 409-416.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 431-452.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL: pages 175-197.

5. Glucose Methods

1. Reducing and Enzymatic Methods

?

(a) TEITZ: pages 154-166

(b)

HENRY: pages

625-662.

(c) VARLEY:

pages 80-109, 126-135.

(d)

.

ZILVA and PMINALL: pages 125-151.

2. Differentiation O

.

L

Urinary Sugars

.

(a)

TEITZ: pages 166-176.

(b)

HENRY: pages 620-624.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 110-124.

---

6. Non Protein Nitrogen

1.. Urea: Diacetyl monoxime, Berthelot reaction.

2.

Creatinine: Jaffe picrate method.

3.

Uric Acid: ?

Chemical and enzymatic methods.

4.

Clearances: Urea, ereatinine, PSP.

(a)

TEITZ: pages 707-742.

(b) HENRY: pages 262-302, 887-895.

(c) VARLEY: pages 168-177,

181-183, 190-210.

7. Enzyme Methodology. LDH, SCOT

(a) TEITZ: pages 362-387, 434-449.

(b)

HENRY: pages 504-518.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 275-284, 289-297.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL: pages 285-297.

8. Amylase: Phosphatases

(a)

TEITZ: pages 392-415.

(b)

HENRY: pages 468-477, 482_492.

?

.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 452-465, 394-408.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL: pages 126, 206, 215-21

and as for LDH, SCOT

9. Liver Function Tests. Bilirubin and Bile Pigments

in 6srü ad Urine

(a) TEITZ:

pages 755-766.

(b)

HENRY: pages 571-597.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 349-370.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNELL: pages 263-284.

10. Liver Function:Cholesterol

_,.

(a)

TEITZ: pages 784-788,

175-781,

352-359

(b)

HENRY: page's 548-569, 843-851.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 373-389, 390-391, 309-317.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL as above.

.

11. Routine Ur1ni]ysis (colour, SC, pH,

(a)

KARK et al., Primer oT Urinaly

(b)

WELLER and GREEN: Examination

1c_

?

(c) WELLER and GREEN: Examination

ketones, blood

microscopic)

sis,

pages 8-17,

40-45,6O75.

of the

Urine,

pages

4-11, part IX.

of the Urine, page

1-100, Part I.

---

a ?

' ?

*

12. Miscellaneous

Pigments:

(a)

TEITZ: pages 284-295, 255-260.

(b)

HENRY: pages

334-344.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 724-730, 600-603.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL; pages 323-332.

Odd Urine Tests:

(a)

TEITZ: pages 248-260.

(b)

HENRY: pages 334-339.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 219-228. 150

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL: pages 333-350.

13. Rev

(a)

(b)

(c)

•:

?

(d)

Lew of Tests of Renal Function

TE1TZ: pages 698-741.

HENRY: pages 884-896.

VARLEY: pages 185-188.

ZILVA and PPJflALL:

pages

1-24.

14. Proteins and Protein Fractionation

(a)

TEIZ: pages 177-202, 207-241.

(b)

HENRY: pages 173-253.

(c)

VARLEY: pages 230-272.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL: pages 227-247.

15. Cerebr

osp i

na

l

!!i..ci

(a). TEITZ: pages 202-207.

(b)

HENRY: pages 186-199.

(c)

\'ARLEY:

pages 698-712.

(d)

ZILVA and PANNALL: pages 384-388.

16.

2!!

• ? (a)

.•. ?

(b)

(c)

(d)

tric Anal

TEITZ:

HENRY:

VARLEY:

ZILVA a

isis: Occult Blood

pages 792-805 279-281.

pages 903-913, 780-735.

pages 327-348.

rd PANNALL: pages 219-222.

4/

---

SENAfl

LUHMLtThON UNDEKGRPj.

.ts

NLV COURSE

PROPOSAL FOR"

Calendar

?

•

Abbreviation

Cods

CHEM -

Coulee

Nuabsr: ?

Ciedit li"urs:_O Vector:_______

riti..

of

Course:

?

Clinical Chemistry Hospital Training

Calendar

Description

of Course: Full-time practical training in approved Hospital

or biomedical laboratories in the use of chemical diagnostic tests. This course is

required for completion of the Analytical Biochemistry option and is not transferable

to other degree programs at S.F.U.

Nature of Course

Pr.r.quisit

e

• (or .peclet

InR'Iu '

Chem 398 or permission of the Chemistry Department in consultation with the Biochemistry

Program advisor.

What

course (courses),

if

any,

is being dropped

ftoifl

the calendar

if this course is

approved:

None

2. Schedulin

IL

How

frequently will

the course be offered?

Semester in which the course will first be offeied?

Which of

your

present

faculty woisirl be

RVRIIRhJC

t,

rnilir

the proposed

offering

possible?

?

None

'.

Objectives of the

Course

To give the student proactical clinical laboratory experience in approved laboratories

and to meet Canadian Society of Laboratory Technologists requirements for Registration

as a medical technologist in Clinical Chemistry.

4.

B

ud

g etar y

and

Space Requirements (for information only)

What

additional

resources

will be required

in

the following

area.:

Vacuity ?

A part time teaching appointee will be required*

Staff ?

Nil

Library ?

Nil

Audio

Visual

Nil

Space ?

Nil

Equipment

?

Nil

*

same person as instructingChem

420,

423

and 424

5.

Approval

Date:---

?

7

?

- ?

2

z ?

/

7

.

an ?

Chairman, SCU/

p^tment_Cho4rman

SCUS

73-34b:- (When comp1'tlng t))i

fnm

hit

[nstructions

see Memorandum SCUS 73-348.

Att' course outline).

---

CHEMISTRY

399

(Tutorial Topics)

Students will

study and discuss those items

which are

within their comprehension . They will

audit those items

which

tend to be basically medical

during discussions

between clinical chemists and medical

biochemistry residents,

and participate to whatever extent possible.

.,-

.,-

RM

---

Week 1: Laboratory Principles, Instrumentation, Mathematics

and

Introduction to Quality Control

1.

Introductory reading material and mathematical problems

will be

provided for a general introduction.

2.

Become thoroughly familiar with the quality

control prog

as operated at own and one of the regional hospital..

3.

Think about the following questions, which you should be able to

handle by the end of the first three months:

a)

Mr. Jones from C]odd and Fu,-.k has new

cholesterol kit

he feels would save your laboratory considerable

technologist

time. How do you go about evaluating the kit?

b)

You are asked to set up a chemistry section for a 100 acute

bed and 100 chronic bed general hospital. Ksdia$1.

nd

surgical beds comprise approximately 500 each.

Then,

is a

small pediatric service, mostly for

tonsillectG144o

There

is no obstetrics or neonatology. Excluding

beMWIP

and building expenses, propose a total capital

?

sinks

':

budget,

tests you would offer, instruments required

and coi

p

te, and

the number of technical staff you would

anticipitsiseding.

C)

Answer the above questions for a 500 bed gen.ra3

hoSpital

with obstetrics and a neonatal nursery, general

surgery

and

an emergency room service.

d) What are the pros and cons of routine laboratory

sCreening

in clinical chemistry under:

i)

Out-patient screening

ii)

Admission screening

iii)

Organ profiles

e) What are normal values? How are they derived?

What are

the problems and pitfalls? When can you call the

te$4t

"abnormal" (± 2 S.D. concept)?

f) Row will you deal with the problem

of sstablishinq'flO*l

values for your laboratory?

g) Begin accumulating a list of commonly used

drugs

aM

other

conditions which interfere with the interpretat4o*s.

of

chemistry data. This may be conveniently

based

i) Changes in the physiology

of

the patient,

IUØ

*a:

A)

Protein synthesis

B)

Induction of microsomal enzyme systems

C)

Displacement of substances from binding

proteins,

etc.

0) Interference with chemical determinatiofli

---

ii) Direct end-organ damage, such as cholestasis -

methyl testosterone, hepatic necrosis - PM, etc.

._ ?

iii) Interference with chemical determination such as

enzyme inhibition - fluoride, coloriinetric inter-

ference - bilirubin contamination - I.V. solution

h) What stat laboratory tests would you provide in a 150 acute

bed hospital and a 600 acute bed hospital? Be able-to

defend your choice.

1-2

Literature

.1. Drug interferences with clinical laboratory tests.

?

C].in. them.

•

?

18(10):1041-13041 October 1972.

. Barnett. ?

Clinical Laboratory Statistics.

?

Little, Brown and

Co.

..

---

Week 2: Laboratory Approach to Disorders of Carbohydrate

Metabolism

Carbohydrate Biochemistry - physiology. What are the

glucose

regt*1a1111g mechanisms?

Hyperglycemia

a) Differential Diagnosis and Diagnostic Approach to

a

patient with:

i)

Glycosuria on routine urinalysis

ii)

Hyperglycemia on rc:: 'ne blood sugar.

Classify as follows: Physiologic alteration

Pathogenic

Methodolog ic

b) ?

i) Discuss the laboratory diagnosis of diabStss

m]litu.

ii) What are the pathophysiologic changes

of diabEtic

ketoacidosis and the laboratory

finding. A) st

aission, B) following initial therapy, and

C)

What

are the complications of therapy?

iii)

Name the most valuable tests in A) treatment of

diabetic ketoacidosis, B) follow up of

juven$.3ó

diabetic, C) follow up of maturity onset diabtic.

iv)

Discuss the presentation and laboratory

fifldths

as well as the pathophysiology of hyporosiotar

.

non

ketotic diabetic coma.

v)

What does a positive Clinitest and negative Cinistix

test suggest? What would you do to further Investigate

the patient?

C)

What is the clinical laboratory use of the folloWLng. tsst?

How are they done? What are the problems and

pitf*Ue

(include patient preparation, physiologic, drug

and.:p1thologic

factors affecting test, interpretation of

resulti, 'i.s.

glucose

tolerance curves).

i)

Fasting blood sugar

ii)

Two hour postprandial sugar

iii)

Oral G.T.T.

iv)

I.V. G.T.T.

v)

Cortisone G.T.T.

vi)

What are the three most useful tests in the

diagnosis

of diabetes mellitus?

d) Discuss 3 glucose methods. What are the problems

and

the.

pitfalls?

- What drugs give false increased or decreased values with

2 of the methods?

- What is the difference between serum or whole blOOd glucose

levels?

- Which method would you select for a laboratory

doing

A)

8 glucoses a dày.

?

Why? B) 35 glucoses a diy. Why?

-

1.

2.

.

.

.

44

---

Week 3: Laboratory Approach to Disorders of Protein Metabolism

1. Protein Biochemistry

a)

Know in general terms, mechanism of protein synthesis,

i.e. transcription-translation

b)

What are the principles and problems of protein electro-

phoresis? Include pseudomonoclonal peaks.

c)

Discuss the structure and

function

of the five major

immunoglobul ins.

d)

Read Tietz, Chapter 5, and Lab. Synopsis on Inmtunoelectro-

phoresis: polyclonal and monoclonal gaimnopathies.

e)

List methods available for measuring total protein.

2. Albumin (Advances Clin. Chem. 1970)

a)

Read albumin synthesis.

?

N.E.J.M. 286:748, 1972.

b)

Classify causes of hypoalbuminemia

•

? C)

What is the known physiologic role of albumin?

• ?

d) What method of albumin determination is optimal for a

routine laboratory? Why?

e) What is bisalbuininemia, analburninemia?

3. Wh't. test would you suggest if you saw a 34-year old man with a

.02 of 70 mmHg; pCO2 of 38 mmHg; chest X-ray - emphysema?

Discuss disease entity.

?

Med. din. North America 57:691, 1973.

4. Do you think routine protein electrophoresis is clinically more

useful than albumin and total globulins? Why or why not?

S. What is important in reading electrophoresis?

6.

What conditions would be suggested and laboratory investigations

planned for a patient presenting with headache, recurrent mucosal

bleeds, disturbances in vision, Raynaud's phenomenon?

Seminars in Hematology 10:2, April 1973.

7. a)

Know in

general terms the complement sequence (Good: Imznuno-

biology).

b) In what

conditions is a complement assay useful?

8.

Hyp.rqvieg1obu1jnemia

a)

Classify as polyclonal, monoclonal, oligoclonal gaopathies,

etc.

b)

What-are the complications of hyperganunaglobuljnemja7

c)

Discuss causes and laboratory investigation of patient with

i)

Polyclonal gammopathy

ii)

Monoclonal gammopathy

FW

---

S

3. Hypoglycemia

a) What

Classify

is the

as:

differential diagnosis of

hypoglycemia?

i)

Fasting hypoglycemia

ii)

Non-fasting hypoglycemia

b) What is a "significantly" low

glucose in adults, noflate?

C)

What

are

the common symptoms of

hypoglycemia and

how would ?

you

symptoms

investigate

relating

a.patient

to fasting,

complaining

ii) dizziness,

of i) neurologic

sweating, three

hours

following meals?

d) Know

butamjcle

use

test.

of five

hour G.T.T. -

glucagon,

leucihe

and tbl-

4. Laboratory investigation of comatose patient:

a) Differential diagnosis

b)

Most common causes in order of

frequency

C)

Cascade of laboratory tests (include

bacteriology a*d

hematology)

5. Optional

b)a) Galactosemja

Classify glycogen storage diseases - laboratory

investigations

C)

Discuss sorbital metabolisms

.

Literature

Marks'

Hypoglycemia.

NEJM,

of

December

Diabetic ketoacidosjs

1974, female

and

male.

Diabetes (G'rT)

0

---

d) Discuss the laboratory diagnosis of multiple myeloma:

i)

Include hematology as we].l as chemical

changes

ii)

What are complications of multiple myeloma?

iii)

What are the problems and pitfalls in detection

of Bence Jones proteins? What is the beet

screening test?

e) Discuss use of immunoelectrophoresis (IEP) in investigation

of immunoglobu].in disorders.

9. .Hypoganunaglobulinemia

a)

Classify hypogammaglobulinemia. ?

N.E.J.M. 281:1120, 1969.

What further laboratory investigation would you do

on a

patient with low gammaglobulins on electrophoresis and

diarrhea?

b)

What is the laboratory investigation of an 18-year old boy

with recurrent pulmonary infection.

?

Ped. din. North

America 18:49, February 1971.

10. Discuss the laboratory investigation of a 21-year old girl with

+1 proteinuria; a 45-year old man with +4 proteinuria.

Know differential diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.

U. What are the indications for doing quantitative urinary protein?

What is the relationship between quantitative and qualitative

tests for urinary protein?

What is prognostic significance of proteinuria?

3-2

Literature, general

1.

Carson, P.H.

?

Serum proteins. ?

Diagnostic significance of

electrophoresis. ?

Human Path. 5:629, 1974.

2.

Kar]e, R

1

M. et

a].. ?

A Primer of Urinalysis.

?

Harper and Row,

1970.

4c

---

WEEK 4: Introduction to Enzymology

1. Discuss in general terms with specific examples the problems

and pitfalls of enzyme determinations.

?

Include:

a) Physiologic variations

b)

Drug effects on 1) patient physiology

ii) methodology

c)

Factors in collection and transport, i.e. effect of

temperature, anticoagulants, hemolysis, light, etc.

d)

Methodologic considerations, i.e.

i)

Substrates

ii)

Activators

iii)

Stabilizers

iv)

Inhibitors

v)

Product inhibition

vi)

pH optimum

vii)

Temperature optimum, etc.

2. What is zero order kinetics and how do you check that your method

is at 0 order kinetics?

3. Discuss problems with:

a)

Standardising enzyme tests

b) Arriving at an international agreement on units of

measurement of enzyme activity

Can you compare the results of enzyme measurements obtaifled b

y

dif-

ferent methods?

4. tefine international unit of enzyme activity.

5. A patient is admitted with a 4-hour histor

y

of chest pain.

a)

He has a left bundle branch block on ECG

b)

He is in mild congestive heart failure with +2 h.patOaegaly

C)

The LDH is 500 i. u •; SGOT 80

d)

He was given intramuscular morphine in the E.R. -

e)

What laboratory studies would you recommend?

6. Review the physiologic, therapeutic and diagnostic, noØCsrdiac

disease and methodologic factors in CPK deterrninatios.

7, What is the role of CPK isoenzymes in clinical diagno$te at the

present time?

8. You are a pathologist in a 250-bed hospital. What emsymes would

you set up in your lab? Consider:

a)

Distribution of physicians at hospital, i.e. sUrgsQm,:

G.P.s, specialists, internists, etc.

b)

Regional hospital or a self-contained hospital

C)

What cardiac enzymes would you set up in a 250-bed

hospital and an 800-bed hospital?

9. Discuss total and isoenzymes of LDH.

?

Include:

'S

.

---

4-2

a)

Molecular structure

b) Tissue distribution

c)

Methods of determination

•

i) Total LDH

ii)

Methods of isoenzyme determinations: Substrate

Heat inactivation

Electrophoresis

iii)

Discuss relationship of HBD to LDH

d)

In what clinical settings would LDH isoenzymes be of value?

e)

Where is the optimum region of LDH measurement?

f)

What are the problems and pitfallsin collection, transport

and storage of LDH?

10. What is the difference between end-point and kinetic enzyme

determinations? Discuss the advantages with kinetic methods

and the advantages of end-point methods.

.

Literature, general

1.

Tietz, N.

?

Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry.

2. Schniidt, G. and F.W.

?

Guide to Practical Enzyme Diagnosis.

3. Wolf, P.L. et al.

?

Practical Clinical Enzymology and biochemical

Profiling. ?

Techniques and Interpretation. John Willey and

Sons, 1973.

O" '_'

57

---

/ ?

?

WEEK 5; Laboratory Diagnosis of Liver Disease

?

.a

1. Discuss bilirubin metabolism (reference folder).

2. What are the major physiologic and biochemical functions of the

liver? ?

(Diseases of the Liver,

Sherlock)

3. Discuss the biochemical changes seen in liver failure under

changes In:

I

a)

Fluid and electrolytes

b)

Protein synthesis

?

-

(1

C)

Enzyme release

d)

Carbohydrate metabolism

e)

Lipid metabolism

f)

Failure

and exogenous)

of detoxification and

conjugation (

endogenous

g)

Hormonal changes

h)

Renal changes

i)

Respiratory changes

j)

Immunologic and coagulation changes

4. Briefly list useful liver function tests.

5. Which combination of laboratory tests would you suggest to use

as a screen for liver disease?

?

(M.L.06 September

1973 ,

p.

15)

6. What are the typical laboratory changes of viral hepatitis, and

which biochemical parameter is most useful in detection Of early

hepatitis?

7. Wh. is the differential diagnosis of

.

jaundice in:

a)

Neonate

b)

Adult

with

What

usually

daily

total

"level

increase

obstruction?

off"?

in

Why?

bilirubin

At what

would

concentration

you expect

does

in

biflrUbjn

a patient

Can high level of bilirubin interfere with other chemicaZ.uts7

Which ones?

8. What

jaundice?

laboratory tests are useful in the differential

di1gnosie of

9. What

diagnosis

is the

of

clinical

hepatocellujar

and laboratory

necrosis

approach

and