S.97-83

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

OFFICE OF THE VICE-PRESIDENT, ACADEMIC

?

MEMORANDUM

To: ?

Senate

From:

?

D. Gagan, Chair

Senate Committee on

Acadremic

Planning

Subject

?

Proposed Master of Environmental Toxicology Program

(Reference: SCAP 97-46, SGSC Oct. 27/97)

Date:

?

November 10, 1997

Action undertaken by the Senate Committee on Graduate Studies and the Senate

Committee on Academic Planning gives rise to the following motion:

Motion:

"that Senate approve and recommend to the Board of Governors

as set forth in S.97 -

83

/ the proposed Master of Environmental

Toxicology Program including:

New courses: BISC 651-3 Environmental Toxicology Tests I:

Ecological Effects-Based Toxicity Tests

BISC 655-3 Environmental Toxicology Seminar

BISC 656-0 Master of Environmental Toxicology

Project

BISC 657-0 Co-op Practicum I

BISC 658-0 Co-op Practicum

II

BISC 854-3 Ecotoxicology

BISC 855-3 Biochemical Toxicology

BISC 856-3 Industrial Biotechnology

For Information:

Acting under delegated authority of Senate, SGSC approved revisions as follows:

Change of title: BISC 650, 652

Change of number: BISC 654

All

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SCAP 97-46

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

MEMORANDUM

To: Alison Watt, Director

?

From: B.P. Clayman

Secretariat Services

?

Vice-President, Research/

Dean of Graduate Studies

Subject: Proposed Master's in

?

Date: October 29, 1997

Environmental Toxicology

The proposed Master's in Environmental Toxicology was

approved by the Senate Graduate Studies Committee, at its

Meeting on October 27, 1997, and is now being forwarded to

the Senate Committee on Academic Planning for approval.

B.P. Clayman

Vice-President Research!

Dean of Graduate Studies

mm!

attach.

.

0

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GS. 97.

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

DEAN OF GRADUATE STUDIES

Memorandum

?

.

TO: ?

B. P.

Clayman ?

FROM:

Phyllis

Wrenn

Dean, and Chair,

?

Associate Dean

Senate Graduate Studies Committee

?

Chair, ACNGP

SUBJECT: Proposal for Master's in ?

DATE: July 14, 1997

Environmental Toxicology

I am pleased to report that the Assessment Committee for New Graduate Programs (ACNGP) has

approved and recommends to the SGSC for approval the proposal for a Master's in

Environmental Toxicology. The first draft of the proposal was received on August 2, 1996.

You will note that only three of the customary four reports from external reviewers of the

proposal are included. Attempts to obtain the outstanding report were unsuccessful.

Please place this proposal on the agenda of the next meeting of the SGSC. By copy of this

memorandum, I am inviting M. Smith or his designate to attend this meeting as a representative of

the proposed program.

End.

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^ I

C:

M. Smith, Chair, Biological Sciences

M. McGinn

.

MENT-M7.DOC 14-Jul-97 ?

c.

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t

ACNGP-97 -99

• ?

PROPOSAL FOR MASTERS IN

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY

?

08 November 1995

?

Approved "in-principle" by Senate Committee on

Academic Planning

26 March

?

1996

?

Approved by Faculty of Science

02 August ?

1996 ?

Received by Dean of Graduate Studies

?

01 October. 1996 ?

Reviewed by Assessment Committee for New

?

Graduate Programs

?

17 December 1996

?

Received revised version by Dean of Graduate

Studies

?

14 February 1997 ?

Reviewed by Assessment Committee for New

?

Graduate Programs

?

S28 February 1997 ?

Received revised version by Dean of Graduate

?

Studies

21 March ?

1997 ?

Sent revised version to four External Reviewers by

?

Dean of Graduate Studies

16 May ?

1997 ?

Received External Reviewers' reports (3) by Dean

of Graduate Studies

04 June ?

1997

?

Sent External Reviewers' reports to Department of

Biological Sciences by Dean of Graduate Studies

23 June ?

1997 ?

Received Departmental of Biological Sciences

response to External Reviewers' reports by Dean of

Graduate Studies

14 July ?

1997 ?

Approved by Assessment Committee for New

?

Graduate Programs

.

COV-MENT.DOC 07/18/97 ?

3

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY WHAT IS !T?

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AT SFU

PROPOSED MENTOX COURSE PROGRAM

1! Program objectives

2.

Relationship of the proposed MNTOX program to

the role and mission of SFU

3.

Program organization

4.

Rationale for the proposed curriculum

5. Admission requirements

6.

Degree requirements

7.

Student Enrollment and Impact on Teaching Resources

8. Student support

NEED FOR THE PROGRAM

1.

Evidence from The pndergraduate ET enrollment

2.

National

and

reg

ional

need

3. International reputation

RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS

APPENDIX I

SFU Calendar descriptions of minor and post baccalaureate

diploma programs in Environmental Toxicology

APPENDIX II

Recommendations of the Faculty of Science Task Force

on Env

i ronmental Science

and

Toxicology

APPENDIX Ill

Letters from participating departments

APPENDIX IV

Outlines Qf Graduate courses currently available for

the MENTOX program

APPENDIX V

Outline of New

or

revised graduate courses proposed

for

the MENTOX program

.

Page

4

4

5

5

6

7

8

9

9

11

12

13

13

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S

13

14

15

17

(available on

request)

18

19

20

21

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APPENDIX VI

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23

Proposed course scheduling for a two-year cycle and teaching loads for

MENTOX faculty

APPENDIX VII

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24

Letters of Support from Industry and Regulatory Agency

APPENDIX VIII

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25

SFU Library Resource Report

APPENDIX IX

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26

Letter of Support from Dean, Faculty of Science

APPENDIX X

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27

Calendar Description

APPENDIX Xi

Department of Biological Sciences response to External

Reviewers' reports and reports of the External Reviewers

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Environmental Toxicology - What Is It?

?

.

Environmental toxicology (ET) is a new and rapidly developing

field which is concerned with the fate and toxicological effects of

contaminants on the environment. The environmental toxicologist

draws on a variety of scientific disciplines to describe, measure,

explain and predict the severity and frequency of adverse effects on

living organisms due to environmental toxicant exposure. As a

broadly based and interdisciplinary science, ET uses a variety of

techniques to study the fate of and impact of contaminants on the

environment and provides powerful tools for assessing the risks

associated with the presence of these contaminants.

Environmental Toxicology at SFU

As a result of increasing concern about environmental

pollution, an undergraduate ET program was initiated by the

Department of Biological Sciences, SFU. On behalf of the Department,

the late Dr. Oloffs, a pesticide toxicologist, submitted to the

Universities Council of B.C. a proposal for an ET program which was

approved on June 22, 1981. Funds were provided separately by the

B.C. government for the salaries of two faculty positions and a 1/2

time secretary for a period of four years. Dr. Law was hired in 1982

as an associate professor and Dr. Farrell was hired in 1984 as an

assistant professor. In 1985 the funding for the ET program was

incorporated into the general University budget. Dr. Nicholson was

hired to replace Dr. Oloffs after he passed away.

Currently, the ET teaching program consists of two sub-

programs: a minor and a post baccalaureate diploma (PBD). Calendar

descriptions are presented in Appendix I. Both of these programs are

classified as undergraduate programs, although the minimal

admission requirements for the PBD is a B.Sc. degree. At the

inception of the ET teaching program at SFU, there were very few

formalized toxicology training programs in Canada. At present, the

universities of Toronto, Guelph, Saskatchewan, and Montreal offer

M.Sc and/or Ph.D. degrees in toxicology.

The ET undergraduate program at SFU has become increasingly

popular among students due to its high quality and relevance. For

example, student enrollments for Environmental Toxicology I and II

courses have exceeded

150

and 50 students per year, respectively

for the last five years. The core curriculum for the undergraduate ET

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program includes courses from the Departments of Biological

Sciences, Chemistry, Geography and Kinesiology. Since ET draws its

knowledge mainly from the biomedical and environmental sciences,

the ET undergraduate program has integrated resources across

campus.

In 1989, a task force on environmental science and toxicology

was struck by Dr. Cohn Jones, Dean of Science to examine possible

directions for environmental science and toxicology development.

Among the recommendations made by the task force was a

recommendation to establish a professional graduate training

program in environmental toxicology at the Master's level (MENTOX)

(see Appendix II).

In the past few years, several faculty members with teaching

and research interests in ET have joined SFU. These include Drs.

Gobas (Department of Resource and Environment Management),

Bendell-Young, Kennedy and Moore (Department of Biological

Sciences). The ET faculty has expressed a desire to offer a cohesive

course program for graduate students. Discussions began in 1991 and

we have now developed a proposal for what we believe to be an

.

?

outstanding MENTOX program. The proposed program encompasses a

reorganization of existing courses in the undergraduate ET program

and the addition of several new courses developed by the newly

appointed ET faculty members.

Proposed MENTOX Course Program

1. Program objectives.

The main objectives of the MENTOX program are (1) to meet

the need for additional trained environmental toxicologists, a need

identified as an emerging provincial and national problem (see

"National and regional need") and (2) to develop and maintain high

standards of research and education in toxicology.

This proposal requests that Senate designate MENTOX as a

"professional degree". This professional degree will provide the

MENTOX graduates with training in basic and applied sciences and

with skills for the working environment. A professional MENTOX

program would be preferable to a MENTOX program with a heavy

research component, since the career goals of a significant number of

prospective students would not be met by a primarily research-

I

1.

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oriented M.Sc. or Ph.D. degree in toxicology. Moreover, although

toxicology practitioners are in great demand by governments,

industries and consulting firms, only a few toxicology researchers are

required by universities, government institutes and companies in

Canada.

Eligibility for the certification examination of the American

Board of Toxicology, Inc. can be met through the Master of

Environmental Toxicology program and four years of work

experience.

The MENTOX program at SFU will be offered on a full- or part-

time basis. Students enrolled in the MENTOX program will also have

the option of participating in the co-operative education program.

2. Relationship of the proposed MENTOX program to the role and

mission of SFU.

It is both timely and appropriate to establish a MENTOX

program at SFU since it will be qualified for funding by the SFU

Academic Enhancement Fund (AEF) and the Canadian Network of

Toxicology Centres (CNTC). The AEF was established at SFU to fund

new programs, curricula and initiatives. The CNTC received $14.1

million from Canada's Green Plan in April 1992 to develop and

maintain toxicology education and research in Canada. At present,

the CNTC consists of the Centre for Toxicology at the University of

Guelph, the Toxicology Research Centre at the University of

Saskatchewan, and the Centre Intreuniversitaire de Recherché en

Toxicologie de l'Universite de Montreal et de l'Universite du Quebec a

Montreal. SFU is not a centre of CNTC since, until recently, SFU had

only

2.5

academic appointments in toxicology (see above). Moreover,

SFU toxicologists have only recently begun to organize themselves

into an identifiable, academic unit. Upon creation of a MENTOX

program, the Centre for Environmental Toxicology at SFU (to be

formed later) will establish itself as an active member of the CNTC.

We are hopeful that with the establishment of MENTOX and a

Centre for Environmental Toxicology at SFU, it will be easier to

attract federal funding in this area. However, the MENTOX program

is not dependent on these funds.

In 1990, the Ministry of Advanced Education, Training and

Technology of B.C. sponsored a workshop each at the Okanagan

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College (May, 1990) and BCIT (September, 1990) to discuss current

environmental science/study programs at B.C. Community Colleges.

One of the workshop findings is that nearly all B.C. Community

Colleges offer an undergraduate or PBD program in environmental

science/study. Some of the colleges such as BCIT also have obtained

degree-granting status in this area. However, graduates of these

programs have found it difficult to locate an appropriate discipline

for advanced training at B.C. universities. The proposed MENTOX

program at SFU will provide an opportunity for post-graduate

training of these students. In addition MENTOX graduates will have

the expertise and formal academic qualifications which will enable

them to return to the Community College environment in an

instructional capacity. It should be pointed out that although UBC and -

UVic also offer environmental science/study programs, UVic does not

appear to be taking any initiative in the area of toxicology while

UBC's toxicology program is designed mainly for medical

practitioners (e.g. drug toxicology, occupational health). In contrast to

the medical approach at UBC, the proposed MENTOX program at SFU

will emphasize an ecosystem approach to toxicology.

Not only does the Department of Biological Sciences at SFU

.

?

already have an excellent undergraduate teaching program in ET, it

also has achieved an impressive track record in mounting and

operating interdisciplinary, professionally oriented programs which

liaise with industry and are driven by industry needs. The well-

established Master of Pest Management program would be enhanced

by a professional, Master degree in ET. In addition, the creation of a

MENTOX program would provide a research and teaching focus for

the faculty currently engaged in ET research and would facilitate the

interchange of ideas and resources among faculty and students.

3. Program organization.

Because of the preponderance of biological science courses in the

MENTOX curriculum and the history of ET development at SFU, the

Department of Biological Sciences will be the home department for

MENTOX. Other participating departments could include Resource

and Environment Management, Chemistry, Earth Sciences,

Kinesiology and Mathematics and Statistics (see Appendix III,

Letters from participating departments).

S

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4.

RatIonale

for

the proposed cürrküliliti.

The inulti-discipiinary and professional flatOre

Of

MEWtX

addresses a Variety of training demáhd ziot encountered

in

the mote

tráditiöhai scientific disciplines. MENt OX Will attract students having

training iti vätioUs scientific disciplines. Students

fl

äy opt to ontinüe

ifi theiF Undetgraduatc specialty, perhaps exploring new

technologies, as they undertake advanced training áiid teseatch in

toxieology. Alternatively they may chob5ë to apply theit

iThdergräduate ähd graduate expertise to the prbblehis of art ehtireiy

diffetent diseipline lii eithef base; the ttainee should be exposed to a

broad cfo5s-8ebti0h

of

toxicological knoWledge in ordet to obtaifl an

apfeëiatiofl fOf afld familiarity With the terminology as Well as

descriptive, mechanistic andpredictive (assessment of risk)

dimensions of the science. It

is

likely that he/she will have to

practice in or FeSeäfth On ohe or mote of these dimensions of

tdxieology.

theréforë; hiore than in any other scientific discipline,

Versatility should be

of

prime importance in a toxicological training

ptbgram ëVëh though it is recognized that, for a given individual, the

Practice of toxicology cannot possibly encompass all facets

of

the

field. therefore, the broadet goal in a graduate training program

should balance boiicëptual development With mtiltifaceted

technological training The challenge of a graduate training program

in envifoilinental toxicology is to organize the existing scientific and

tebhnOidgical traihihg programs into an integrated format wherein

the trãiheës obtain an Understanding of the roles of the various

patticipating disciplines

in

the characterization and solution of

toxicological problems. As With the minor and PBD programs, the

MENTOX

program Will combine the ecological effects-based and

human health effects-based approaches of toxicological ttaining.

Before entering MENTO the stUdeflt should possess a good

baIc kfloWledge

Of

chemistry and biological or biothedical sciences at

both the macro and micro levels. This background may or may not

include ihtrodUctbry, descriptive courses in toxicology. Given the

Variable background of Okospeciive students, there must be a flexible

othponent to adthisSiofl. the overall aim of the training program will

be ib make the trainee fully aware of the various steps of the

toicblogical process including (a) the charabterization Of the toxicant

and Its source (toxicity tests; hazard identification), (b) the transport

of the td*ibant front the source to the target (enVironmental fates of

bherfiicalS); (c)the characterIation of the target (target species;

target Organ of toxicity; biochemical toxicology), (d) the study of the

io

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action and fate of the toxicant in the target (absorption, distribution,

metabolism, and elimination of toxicants by living organisms;

toxicodynamics), (e) the intervention at the individual level

(treatment of poisoning; contaminated site remediation) and (f) the

intervention at the population level (prevention program; regulatory

measures; population risks).

Therefore, foundation courses in the descriptive, mechanistic

and predictive dimensions of toxicology will be required of all

students enrolled in the MENTOX program. Ancillary courses to

broaden the horizons of the trainee or to overcome deficiencies

and/or "gaps" in knowledge essential for a toxicologist should be

available.

5. Admission requirements.

University admission requirements are given in the calendar in

the section on General Regulations (Graduate Programs). The

minimum requirements for admission to MENTOX is a B.Sc. degree

with a cumulative grade point average of at least 3.0 from a

recognized university, or the equivalent. In addition, the program

. requires that, for clear admission, the applicant must have CHEM

250

(Organic Chemistry II), BICH 221 (Cellular Biology and. Biochemistry),

BISC 312 and BISC 313 (An Introduction to Environmental Toxicology

I and II) or equivalent courses. Applicants who lack some of the

prerequisites may be admitted to the program but will be required

to make up the deficiencies prior to graduation. The proportion of

students admitted in this way will be small. Professional experience

relevant to ET can be considered in the case of applicants who do not

meet formal admission standards.

6.

Degree requirements.

Each MENTOX student must choose a senior supervisor after

admission, in consultation with the director of the program. In

accordance with university regulations, a supervisory committee

must be formed by the beginning of the third semester of full-time

equivalent enrollment.

Every MENTOX program will include the following courses.

S

Core Courses

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BISC

650-3

tnvirOnthehtäl!sk Assësshiet Human Health kisk

Assessment and Ecological Efects-Bäsed Risk Assesient

BISC 651-3 Ehvironmentäl Toxicology Tests I; Ecological Effects-

baSed Tests

BISC

652-3

Environi'ental Toxicology Tests II: Mammaliah Toxicity

Tests

BISC

654-3

good

and Drug Toxicology

ISC

655-3

Ehvironmehtäl Toxicology Seminar

BISC

855-3

Biochemical Toxicology

STAT

650-5

Quantitative Analysis in Resource Management and

Field

Biology

BISC

656-0

Master of Environmental Toxicology Project.

As part of the degree thqtiii-ethents

3

MENTOX students ru St complete

a project on a Specific aspect of ET. One full semester

Will

be

allocated to this ptoject

i

which will be based on original library,

laboratory or field research.

In

addition to submission of a report at

the completion of the project, the student will make an oral

presentation to at least the Supervisory Committee and one other

faculty member,

t1dietive Courses

One of:

BISC 4-3 Ecotoxicology

REM 610-5 Management of Contaminants in the Environment

EASC 613 Groundwater Hydrology

At least 6 credits chosen froth the following:

BISC 856-3 Industrial Biotechnology

BISC 846-3 Insecticide Chemistry and Toxicology

REM

612-5

Simulation Modelling in Natural Resource Management

KIN 851-3 Recent Advances in Experimental Carcinogenesis

BISC 883-3 Special Topics in Environmental Toxicology

Although *e do not anticipate that many students would enter

MENTOX following the Post-Baccalaureate Degree program in

Environmental Toxicology at

SFIJ,

those that do Will have taken three

required courses:

Environmental Risk Assessihent (BISC

650,

using the now MENTOX

course numbers),

Food

and Drug Toxicology (BISC

654),

and

EnVironmental toxicology TestsII (BISC

652)

These students would

It

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substitute three approved graduate courses in consultation with the

director of the program and their advisor. Suggested areas would

include Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Earth Sciences, Resource

Management, and Kinesiology.

Co-operative Education Option

The MENTOX co-op option will differ from the regular MENTOX program only

in the addition of two 1-semester co-op practicum courses BISC

657-0

and

BISC 658-0 (see Appendix V) and the evaluation of the co-op work report.

The MENTOX co-op option would only be available to Canadian citizens and

permanent residents of Canada. The work report will be evaluated by the

supervisory committee and the Employment Supervisor on a

satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis and this grade will appear on the

transcript. Successful completion of the practica will be recognized by a co-

op certificate. Award of the MENTOX degree is not contingent on

satisfactorily completing the practica. Students must register for the co-op

option no later than the beginning of the penultimate semester prior to the

beginning of the first work term (i.e. 8 months). Registration will be subject

to the mutual agreement of the supervisory committee and the student, as

approved by the Director of the MENTOX program.

S

7. Student Enrollment and Impact on Teaching Resources.

The MENTOX faculty members recognize that an expansion of the

toxicology training program, while critical, is strictly limited in terms

of student enrollment. We estimate that 7 or 8 new students per

year can be expected in the initial years of the program. With the

present faculty in Environmental Toxicology, we project that a

maximum of 10-15 students could be admitted per year when the

program is fully established.

MENTOX should have a minimal effect on the teaching resources of

the Department of Biological Sciences. As detailed in the beginning of

Appendix V, outlines of new or revised graduate courses proposed

for the MENTOX program, there will only be a few new courses:

1.

The MENTOX project (BISC 656-0) will be supervised by each

student's senior advisor as part of the MENTOX program.

2.

Co-op Practicum I and II are new courses, but will not require any

teaching resources.

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3.

The Environmental Toxicology Seminar course is a new course, but

a seminar series is presently being offered in the Environmental

Toxicology group. Therefore, this will not represent new teaching

effort.

4.

The one new regular course that will be offered as part of the

MENTOX program is BISC 651, Environmental Toxicology Tests I.

Appendix VI is a schedule for these courses during a two-year cycle,

and how these courses would be covered by the teaching loads of the

faculty in the Environmental Toxicology program. Several of these

courses are presently being taught as part of the Post Baccalaureate

Program, as advanced undergraduate courses that will be offered in

conjunction with graduate courses, or as part of the regular graduate

program. The teaching loads in Appendix VI, assuming that the

MENTOX program is initiated, can be compared to the present and

future teaching loads of these faculty, as published for 96-98 by the

Course Planning Group of the Department of Biological Sciences, in

April, 1996. The schedules for Drs. Law, Nicholson, and Farrell are

unchanged. ?

Dr. Moore's does not change substantially, because she

presently teaches Industrial Biotechnology (BISC

856

under the

proposed MENTOX numbering system) as a special topics course at

the undergraduate and graduate level every second year. The

schedules for Drs. Bendell-young and Kennedy change only in the

addition of BISC 651, because they teach Ecological Toxicology (BISC

854

under the MENTOX system) and Biochemical Toxicology (BISC

855

under the MENTOX system) every other year as special topics at

the undergraduate and graduate level. This analysis recapitulates

our statement that the only new course that will take new teaching

resources is BISC 651, because the other courses are presently being

taught as part of the ENTOX PBD or as special topics. This addition of

one course can be covered with minimal effect on the teaching

resources of the department.

8. Student Support

The students are expected to be self supporting during the period of

course work. Financial support for a MENTOX student during

completion of BISC

656-0,

Master of Environmental Toxicology

Project, is at the discretion of the supervisor. However, the co-op

sponsor is expected to support the student when the student works

in the co-op sponsor's laboratory or office.

S

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Need for the Program

1.

Evidence from undergraduate ET enrollment.

Undergraduate. enrollment in ET (minor and PBD programs)

provides good evidence of considerable student interest in a new

MENTOX program. Faculty members involved with El teaching and

research receive numerous enquiries each year, both from potential

students and from students currently enrolled in the PBD program

who wish to obtain more advanced training. Perhaps the best

indication of the need for more ET professionals comes from the PBD

graduates of ET; these students are fully employed, although most of

them were unemployed science graduates at the time of admission to

the PBD program.

2.

National and regional need.

The environment industry is almost completely driven by

government policy, regulation and legislation ("Creating the future" A

Strategic Plan for the Environment Industry of B.C., published by B.C.

Science Council, 1991). For example, the passage of the Toxic

• ?

Substances Control Act in the U.S. created an immediate need for

more than 1,000 toxicologists, who simply were not available. No one

knows exactly how many toxicologists are practising in Canada; the

number probably is fewer than 200 full-time professional

toxicologists with postgraduate training. Since there are about

100,000 man-made chemicals now in use, ranging from pesticides to

food preservatives and from cosmetics to pharmaceuticals, the need

for a pool of professionally trained toxicologists capable of generating

and interpreting toxicological studies has become critical. The

implementation of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act

already is hampered by a shortage of Canadian toxicologists. The

harmonization of environmental laws among Canada, Mexico and the

U.S. as required by the North America Free Trade Agreement

(NAFTA) will require more Canadian toxicologists. The National

Contaminated Site Remediation Program for the remediation of high

priority contaminated sites (Canadian Council of Ministers of the

Environment, 1989) also created a need for professionally trained

toxicologists. The enactment of the Waste Management Amendment

Act in B.C. (Bill 26) and the update of Environmental Protection and

Enhancement Act of Alberta in 1993 further exacerbated the

shortage of professionally trained toxicologists.

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It should be pointed out that the magnitude of B.C.

environment industry is presently unknown. However, estimates

generated in 1987 indicated the annual sales from the B.C.

environment industry was about $114.4 million, including exports of

$67.6 million; the main export markets were the United States and

the Asia Pacific region, accounting for 46% and 37%, respectively

(Asia Pacific Initiative, March 1988). It is also estimated that there

are about 1,500 contaminated sites which may require remediation

action in B.C. (G. Fox, B.C. Ministry of Environment. Personal

Communication). Many more such sites are likely to be identified

when the site profiles required by Bill 26 are evaluated. According to

Bill 26 the time frame for site remediation will depend on a

determination of whether the site presents "an imminent and

significant threat or risk to human health or ... the environment."

Input from ET professionals is essential to this risk assessment

process. Therefore, "...the small number of environmental

professionals and a lack of education and training opportunities..."

("Creating the future" A Strategic Plan for the Environment Industry

of B.C. 1991) has been cited as one of the major reasons why B.C.'s

environment industry has not reached its potential.

Clearly, current training programs are inadequate to cope with

the anticipated demand for environmental toxicologists. The province

and the nation are gravely in need of a new training program in ET

(see support letters in Appendix VII).

3. International reputation.

B.C. has a diverse and relatively unpolluted ecosystem which

can exist as an attractive model for international clients. Vancouver

was also the site of three international meetings for environmental

industry and technology, Globe 90, 92 and 94. The Globe 94 meeting

was attended by over 400 international exhibitors in environmental

industry and all Pacific Rim environment ministers.

SFU is strategically located to provide environmental education

and research initiatives to the Asia-Pacific countries which, after

several years of unprecedented economic growth, have begun

looking seriously for knowledge and technology of environmental

protection. For example, an undergraduate environmental

science/toxicology program was launched by the Chinese University

of Hong Kong in 1993. MENTOX faculty have also made research and

teaching contacts with universities in the Philippines, Indonesia,

/10.

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Singapore, South Korea, India and China. Using its international

reputation and expertise, the SFU MENTOX program would play a

significant role in enhancing student, faculty and scientific exchanges

between Asia-Pacific countries and Canada.

Resource Requirements

Budget summary per annum

1.

Salaries for sessionals

?

$19,690

This would allow flexibility in offering courses

to meet the need of the MENTOX program for

specialized and focussed courses from local industry

and government. Possible combinations of courses

would be two lecture, two laboratory, or one lecture

and one laboratory course ($19,690).

2.

Salary for secretary

?

$15,000

Part-time Secretary, 2 days per week

CUPE 3338, Sec. 1, Gr. 5

3.

Teaching assistantship ?

$

0.0

4.

Field trips and invited speakers

?

$4,500

5.

Office supplies and program advertisement

?

$2,000

6.

Equipment for teaching

?

$8,675*

Total $49,865

*This will be reduced by 50% after offering the courses for the first

time.

Details of proposed expenditures:

1. Faculty: No new tenure-track positions will be required to launch

the MENTOX program since Drs. Bendell-Young and Kennedy

already have been appointed to the ET program. However, two

sessionals will be required to offer highly specialized and focused

courses using non-faculty experts from local industry and

government agencies. The estimated cost of the sessionals is

$20,000 per annum.

IT

---

2.. dpport pers6hhel: One teaching ässistäht per coutsë Will be

required to assist in BISC

65i;--3

(Environmental Toxicology Tests

I) arid BISC

652-3

(Ehvirdhmëntal Tbxicoldgy

. Tests II); A

part-

tinie secretary (2.0

days

pet Week) will be requited to

assist

in

adtniflisttatibri and oEfepbhdeiice With students. The èstithated

cost

of

,

the ebretary (Grade

5)

iii1uding fringe bhefits is

aprOximàiei $15,00O pet aflriuin.

3; teaching ass!stahtships: No teächihg assistaiitships Will be

required by the students

Of

the MENTOX program §ifice they will

be

slf-sUpporting; HOWeVer all graduate students are eligible fot

teächiiig assistänthips

'

Wider

' TSSU guidelines. Students may also

th

receive support Wider e MENTOX do-op option (from au1t

acy

member of the ethpioyfiieiit supervisor).

4;!Field trips and ihVitëd guest lebtutes: Field ttips fof students to

Visit varioUs federal äfld

ptoVincial

goVernmeht laboratories

($2,5O0

per änntirn). travel and honorarium costs for invited

speakers ärë apFoximate1y $2;000 per annuni.

5.

Long ditãhce

telephone;

fax; photocopies and MENtOX program

brochUre

and

adVettiethent $2;000 per annum. ?

0

6; Eqüitheht: the following equipment Will be required fOr teaching

of BISC

651-3

Toxicity tests I and BISC

65-3

toxicity Tests II for

the first year: cohipUter programs for toxicity tests ($1,000);

shaking watet

.

bath indUbätot ($3,000); 20-gallon glass aquaria

($150);

qUaftz cells for spéctrofluotometer

($375);

glass

homogenizers for tissues

($500);

optical grids for cell counts

($300); video cassettes for toxicity tests demonstration ($2,000)

is

II.

---

S

?

APPENDIX II

RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE TASK FORCE ON

?

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TOXICOLOGY

S

---

SUMMARY PAGE

TermS Of Reference

The task force

was

struck by Dr. Colin Jones, Dean of Science in June 1989 to

review possible directions for development in the area of.Environmcntal Science and

Toxicology (EST). We are to take a broad view in our approach and consult with other

Faculties. A proposal for the establishment of a program willemerge which need not

necessarily be linked to the Fraser Valley Initiative, although such a link is not excluded.

In developing this report the committee (1) reviewed the existing programs related

to Environmental Science and Toxicology, & Environmental Studies at SFU, (2) talked

with interested members of the Departments of Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and

Statistics, Communications, Geography, Kinesiology and the Natural Resources

Management Program, (3) reviewed calendar descriptions of Environment Science,

Toxicology and Environmental Studies programs in

Canada,

U.S.A.,

and England (4) and

made site visits to the Universities of California Davis, Waterloo, Guelph, and Toronto to

examine their programs. A draft version of this report was distributed to members of the

Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Physics, and Mathematics and Statistics for

comments. These comments were considered by the committee and appropriate revisions

were made to arrive at the final report contained herein.

Final Recommendations

1.

. Consolidate and strengthen the environmental toxicology programs (BSc minor and

post baccalaureate diploma) that currently exist in Biological Sciences. This will

require new resources.

2.

Develop a comparable BSc minor in the Chemistry Department which focuses on

toxicant analysis and environmental monitoring. This will require new resources.

3.

Create an Institute of Environment Science and Toxicology (TEST) which has a

director, a budget, the ability to hire and promote faculty and has as its objcctivcs to

(a) develop a core of focussed and vigorous research on environmental problems

and their solutions, (b) train graduate students in traditional MSc and PhD degree

research, (c) act as a pool of advisors with expertise in environmental matters at the

local, provincial and federal levels, and (d) develop an inventory of environmentally

related projects, courses and interests at SFU. This will require new resources.

----

?

4.

?

Establish a professional graduate trainin

g

proram in environmental science and

?

toxicology at the masters level (MENTOX. This will require new, resources.

5.

Interface the Environmental Science and Toxicology program with existing

programs related to the environment within the Faculty of Science and across the

campus (e.g. BERG, MPM and NRM). This would be the responsibility of the

director of lEST.

6.

Use the Environmental Science and Toxicology program at SFU as a template for

the Fraser Valley Campus to ensure compatibility and optimum utilization of

resources. This could be the responsibility of the director of JEST.

7.

Use the Institute as a future base for a Western Canada Centre for Environmental

Science and Toxicology.

---

APPENDIX III

?

LETTERS FROM PARTICIPATING DEPARTMENTS

.

.

9L

---

S

BURNABY, BRITISH COLUMBIA

CANADA

V5A

1S6

Telephone: (604) 2914659

Fax:

?

(604)291-4968

SCHOOL OF RESOURCE AND

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES

SIMON FRASER

UNIVERSITY

June

28, 1995

Dr. Francis Law

Department of Biological Sciences

Simon Fraser University

Dear Dr. Law:

This letter is to confirm that Dr. Frank Gobas will be able to participate in the proposed

MENTOX program. As part of his participation, Dr. Gobas will allow 5 to 7 MENTOX

students per year to enroll in his courses REM 612 and REM 610, as long as it does not

preclude REM students from registering in these two courses.

Based on current developments regarding the creation of new computer labs in the Faculty

of Applied Sciences, it is expected that there will be no problems securing the required

computer access for both REM and MENTOX students. It is therefore anticipated that

there will be no problems for MENTOX students to enroll in REM 610 and REM 612 on

a regular basis.

If you would like to discuss this in more detail, please contact Dr. Gobas directly.

Thank you very much.

Sincerely yours,

(^ C

^

-A ^^'

Dr. I. Cha ?

ay

Director

JCD/jr

[11

0

---

I ?

4

.

?

SCHOOL OF KIN ESIOLOGY

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

Office

of

the Director ?

MEMORANDUM

TO: ?

Dr. Francis Law, Department of Biological Sciences

FROM: ?

Dr. Andy Hoffer

DATE:

?

9 May,

1995

RE:

?

KIN 851

As per your request I am pleased to confirm that Biological Sciences graduate students

will be welcome to enroll in the course KIN 851 "Recent Advances in Environmental

• ?

Carcinogenesis" when that course is offered.

As you are aware, this course is offered by Dr. Miriam Rosin who is currently on

sabbatical at Johns Hopkins University. It is my understanding that Dr. Rosin is also agreeable

to this arrangement.

With best regards,

1.

41

"14

c.c. Dr. Miriam Rosin

0

---

FU

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

MEMORANDUM

Date: ?

May 11

• , 1995

To: Francis Law

From: ?

Katherine Heinrich, Chair

Biological Sciences

Department of Mathematics

& Statistics

Subject: ?

STAT

650

We will without question be able to accommodate

5-7

students from the Masters Degree in

Environmental Toxicology each time the course is offered. We are pleased to be able to

support your program in this way.

KH:jc

enclosure

cc: M. Fankboner

R. Routledge

C.H.W. Jones

.

.

01 L1-

---

0 ?

APPENDIX IV

OUTLINES OF GRADUATE COURSES CURRENTLY AVAILABLE FOR THE

?

MENTOX PROGRAM

r

0

P16 I.

---

• ?

••.

?

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 650

INDUSTRIAL TOXICOLOGY

PROFESSOR: ?

Dr. F. Law

?

Office: ?

B8265

PREREQUISITES: BISC 313 Environmental Toxicology II

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

The management. of chemical risks is increasingly important to all

manufacturing facilities, as well as regulators and others.

?

This course

introduces industrial chemicals commonly found in B.C. industries. It

emphasizes those aspects of risk assessment principles and procedures that

are crucial to professionals who assess the human health and environmental

risks caused by toxicant exposures involved in the manufacture,

development,

, distribution, and clean-up of industrial chemicals.

LECTURE TOPICS:

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of industrial chemicals

Toxic chemicals in pulp and paper mill effluent

Chlorophenols and other halogenated aryl derivatives

Toxic chemicals from the petroleum industry: polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbons

Legislation and risk

Importance of quantitative risk assessment for environmental and

occupational health

Overview of the Superfund risk assessment process (RI/FS process)

COURSE TEXT: None

PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS: Project 50%; Final 50%

is

---

STAT 650 Course Outline

Instructor: R. Routledge, Rm. TLX 10541, Ph. 291-4478.

Office Hours: Tue. 10:30-11:20, Wed. 2:30-3:20, Fri. 9:30-10:20.

Prerequisites

The material in this course ought to be accessible to students with a

basic course in statistics somewhere in their background. Most of the class

will probably have forgotten most of what they learned. Introductory lectures

will provide a comprehensive review. The review will focus on the role of the

basic inference techniques in scientific experimentation and sample surveys.

Objectives

Students successfully completing the course will have developed the fol-

lowing skills:

1.

Facility with applying the standard techniques of statistical analysis,

specifically including t-tests, the analysis of variance, regression model

building, and chi-squared tests for frequency data.

2.

Facility with assessing the applicability of these techniques to practical

problems in biology and resource management.

3.

An ability to assess a research proposal or report for adequacy of the

experimental or survey design.

4.

An ability to make an informed choice between competing designs and

analysis techniques.

5.

Familiarity with at least one computer package for performing statisti-

cal computations.

0

---

Organization

The course will consist mainly of lectures n4 weekly exercises. There will

also be some discussion sessions and opportunities to design and run small

experiments and surveys. There will be a mi.-semester exercise, and a final,

take-home examination. There is a lengthy list of references (attached), but

no required text. I shall be handing out sets of prepared notes.

Evaluation

Students' progress toward meeting the above objectives will be assessed

by means of the weekly exercise sets, the mid-semester exercise, and

t he final,

take-home examination. The weighting scheme will be as follows:

This weighting scheme will be used to calculate a final percent score.

Fjpal percent scores will then be converted to letter grades according to

the

fo

llowing standards. A grade of

B

sigpifles that, in the opinion of the

instructor, the student has

•

good grasp

:

of the basic concepts, and can apply

them successfully in standard contexts. A grade of

A

signifies that, in the

opinion of the instructor, the student has mastered the concepts to a sufficient

degree to be able to mold them to fit slightly nonstandard applications.

Everyone, for example, should be

a

b l

e to discuss the merits of the basic

experimental designs discussed in class, and to analyze numerical results

from each of

t

hese. Those of you meriting a grade of

A

should also be able

to analyze the results of an experiment that for some reason did not quite fit

one of the standard textbook descriptions.

The course

will

begin with a discussion of experimental design.

Our Starting Point

"We argue that these methods need further consideration because

the mental processes involved are not really understood and are vir-

tually out of our control."

(Quoted out of context from Matter and Mannan,

J. Wild!. Manage.

53:

1172-1176 [989],)

[Component

-

Weight

Weekly Exerc

is

es

3Q%

IMid-semester Exercise

20%

R

xamination

50%

l

1

100%

0

^ 7 -

---

•

?

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 651

•

?

FOOD AND DRUG TOXICOLOGY

PROFESSOR: ?

Dr. F. Law ?

Office: ?

B8265

PREREQUISITES: BISC 313 Environmental Toxicology II

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

An introduction to drug development

An introduction to pharmacokinetics

Case studies in forensic toxicology

Principias and treatment for drug overdose

Toxicities of salicylates and acetaminophen

An introduction to abused drugs

Toxicities of anti-cancer drugs

Chemotherapy in aquaculture

Drug and food allergies

Naturally occurring toxicants in food

Food contaminants

Mycotoxins

Food coloring and additive

The development of seafood consumption guidelines

COURSE TEXT:

None

PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS:

•

?

Project 25%; Midterm 25%; Final 50%

C23.

---

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 652

PROBLEM ANALYSIS

IN. ENVIRONMENTAL

?

TOXICOLOGY

-0

PROFESSOR: ?

Dr. RA. Nicholson

Office:

B9238

Lab:

B7230

Phone:

291.4107

PREREQUISITES

BISC 650, BISC

651

or permission of the Department.

DESCRIPTION: This lecture and laboratory course will introduce the student to some of

the central principles and methods used in toxicology. The laboratories

will cover a variety of toxicological techniques including acute testing,

assessment of hepatotoxicity, mutagenicity and teratogenicity. There are

also compulsory Visits to research establishments in the area.

REQUIRED TEXT: A.W. Hayes. 1989.

Principles and Methods

of

Toxicology,

Raven Press,

ISBN 0-88167-439-7

It will be available in the bookstore early in January.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND GRADING:

The assessment will be based On grades

for

the laboratory reports and final examination which

will cover the principles, methods and topics introduced in the lectures, laboratories and off-site

visits.

16

,

E-1

30.

---

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 846

•INSECTICIDE CHEMISTRY AND TOXICOLOGY

PROFESSOR: ?

Dr. R.A. Nicholson ?

Office: ?

B9238

Lab: ?

B7230

Phone:

?

291-4107

DESCRIPTION:

- The aim of the course is to provide a comprehensive review of the chemistry, toxicology,

metabolism and molecular basis of action of insecticides. Emphasis will be given to the

organ ophosphorus insecticides, carbamates, avermectins and in particular the synthetic

pyrethroids which have gained a position of prominence in crop protection and environmental

health.

Resistance to pyrethroids has stimulated much interest recently and two sessions will be

devoted to an examination of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved. The

current status of pyrethroid resistance in economically important arthropods andapproaches that

have been proposed to counter resistance will also be reviewed.

The remainder of the course is aimed at providing the graduate student with an

Oppreciation of the environmental behavior of insecticides, susceptibility of wildlife to

insecticides and the toxicology and mode of action of recently discovered insec.ticides.

The course will Consist of twelve 3 hour periods. Sessions in the first 3 weeks will

consist of my lecture plus a discussion period. From week 4 onwards, sessions will also include

a graduate student presentation

(0.75

h; see below) plus discussion on this.

REQUIRED TEXT:

No specific book is recommended for this course however participants will be directed to

selected readings where appropriate.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND GRADrNG:

Each student will be required to:

1)

write a COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW PAPER dealing with an agreed area of

insecticide toxicology and

2)

present a 45 minute ORAL DELIVERY of the subject chosen for review.

Final grading will be based on the review paper

(50%),

the oral presentation (30%) and

It

Final

participation (20%).

---

KINESIOLOGY 851-3

?

RECENT ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS

Dr. M.P. Rosin

Office: K9638

COURSE OVERVIEW:

Carcinogenesis is a long-term, multifactorial process which involves the progressive

accumulation of change in cells throughout a lifetime. Many of these changes are only now being

identified at a molecular and/or cytological level using the tools of molecular epidemiology. This

course will integrate current knowledge on the process of carcinogenesis in tissues in which cancer

commonly occurs in individuals in North America, e.g. breast, colon, lung, bladder, skin, and cervix.

Discussions will include the following: an overview of the histological/cytological changes occurring in

each tissue during development of cancer, animal and human models for carcinogenesis in the

tissue, and a overview of treatment options, pre-malignant lesions, biomarkers, and risk factors. The

course will focus on new techniques being developed to identify individuals at risk to permit

intervention at early stages in the development of the disease. The class format will consist of a

combination of lectures and student presentations.

TIME:

The class will meet for 3 hours each week. The time of

these

meetings will be determined at

the beginning of the semester, based on a schedule most

appropriate

to all participants.

?

0

TEXTBOOK:

The class will use current journal articles in the area of carcinogenesis.

EVALUATION:

Each student will be required to submit three major review papers and to present an oral

presentation on each paper.

3 papers (© 15% each) ?

45%

Presentations (© 10% each) 30%

Class discussions ?

25%

.

3.

---

MRM 610-5

GRADUATE COURSE

MANAGEMENT OF CONTAMINANTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

Dr. Frank Gobas ?

School of Resource & Environmental Management

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this course is to provide students with theory and practical experience in

assessing the environmental behaviour, toxicity and human health risks of chemical and

contaminant emissions in the environment.

CONTENTS

The course consists of two parts. First, students are introduced to the following topics:

• 1.

ENVIRONMENTAL PATHWAYS OF CHEMICALS & CONTAMINANTS:

environmental partitioning, dynamics of environmental distribution, mass-balance,

mechanisms of transport & transformation, fugacity, environmental modelling

2.

EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT:

mechanisms of chemical uptake & elimination in biological organisms, toxicokinetics,

bioaccumulation, trophodynamics, structure-activity relationships

3. HAZARD & DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT:

toxicity of chemical pollutants in biological organisms, dose-response relationships, toxicity

of single & mixtures of chemicals, ecotoxicity, carcinogenesis

4.

RISK ASSESSMENT:

cancer potency factors, reference dose, quantitative risk assessment

In the second part of the course, students examine as part of a research project the scientific

basis of environmental management practices, including the development of standards &

human consumption guidelines & environmental quality criteria, chemical screening,

(bio)monitoring, risk assessment, environmental abatement policies and others. The results

of the research are presented in a workshop.

.

33.

---

THEME

This year's theme for the research project is TBA

REQUIRED READINGS

The course will make extensive use of the following 2 books:

"Multimedia Environmental

Models"

by fl Mackay

Lewis Publishers

"Quantitative Risk Assessment for Environmental & Occupational Health" by W.H.

Hallenbeck and K.M. Cunningham

Lewis Publishers

Books are available in the SFU bookstore.

EVALUATION

Students are evaluated based on 1 midterm exam (35%), 1 research paper

(45%)

and

contribution to class & workshop discussions (20%).

FORMAT

Classes consist of lectures, computer labs, research and a workshop

FIRST CLASS MEETING

Wednesday, September 8 at 10:30 am in Rim SCB 8552.

REGULAR COURSE TIME

Wednesdays from 10:30 am to 12:20 pm and on Frdidays from 2:30 pm to 4:30 pm.

FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL

291-4780 OR 291-5928

.

3c

---

MRM 612

SSIMULATION MODELLING IN NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

Dr. Frank Gobas

OBJECTIVE

In virtually all areas of resource and environmental management, models are an important

tool for making management decisions. Typically, resource management requires the

comprehension of complex environmental and ecological systems in order to project

management actions into the future. Simulation modelling is one of the most important

tools to accomplish this and it is therefore an integral part of resources and environmental

management.

The objective of this course is to provide resource managers with the expertise to build

their own computer models to address various resource management problems. During

the course we will explore model behaviour under various assumptions and under various

,

simulated management actions. The course will further address the role of models in

research and decision making. By the end of the course, students will be familiar with the

use of modelling techniques in resource management.

COURSE DESCRIPTION

The course consists of lectures and a computer lab. The majority of the classes will be

held inlBM computer lab, and will provide students with hands-on experience in the

building and analysis of models on PCs using spreadsheets and a modern programming

language (i.e. QuickBasic). The lectures address various aspects of modelling in resource

management, including techniques to develop management models (see course outline).

The accessibility of PCs and the programming software used in this course guarantees

that skills obtained in this course can be applied later in your career.

PREREQUISITES

No prerequisites are required. Previous experience with computers is not necessary. Only

minimal basic mathematical skills are required.

L

36.

---

GRADES

Thrëë Obdit assignments

will b

iveh.

tWO

bf

the äsIgnhiéht ëach of the f11i

mark) involve the building and analysis of a simulation model in a different area of

resOurce mhäeiëhL lh the fihäl aigMieht (4b%

of final mark) iUdërits

develop

a

model in their Own

area of lñtëte

?

I b% of the fihäl h rk i based Oh 0httibU j l6h to ?

clas disUss lOft

To ensure fair" c 'àriOh ambh Jdeht àhd to be

äó teht With UhiVérity 00111dy,

deferred grades are given only under extrenne and exceptional circUmstances such as

illness or death in family, A heavy Workload is not a sufficient justificetion for a deferred

grâdê. Thërë are no exOeptibri to thi pblió Students shOUld schëdUlë the Wt

i lilho of

päe

to tprOad the WOrkload hibtb

évë nly

thrOU'hbUt the §ëfië'tëi

TAtthAAb FOR OhANNU

Geadihgof all

tudéht Will

be bäëd

oh

àbotute

raihei than tëlatiVë tandäid

Ef BoOks

& NOTE

A list Of ëbhirrëhded

?

dkigs & bôok ?

ihckidëd. Ntès and othet eädiñ Will be

?

provided.

A'th ASSIStANÔE

I

Will

be evaabIe

to dus ähi UëtiOn O. cOhcerhs yoU hià1 haVe regardiftg the

bUrsë. At the tait of the bUé I Will dbhtdt With all skudëhi

to

debide on a'ppnbprlate

offibë hbUr

LOCATION & TIMEs

Classes ate

on

thUrsday

fran' 1 o phi to 3;20 pm and on fridays frbfti 830 ai to 10:20

ähiih the IBM teaching lab ih the A. The fftt läss Will be held Oh man day JahiJer' 6

i4

0

---

APPENDIX V

OUTLINES OF NEW OR REVISED GRADUATE COURSES PROPOSED FOR

?

THE MENTOX PROGRAM:

BISC

650-3

Environmental Risk Assessment (Renamed from

Industrial Toxicology)

BISC 651-3 Environmental Toxicology Tests I: Ecological Effects-

Based Toxicity Tests (New Course)

BISC 652-3 Environmental Toxicology Tests II: Mammalian Toxicity

Tests (Renamed from Problem Analysis in ET)

?

- -

BISC

654-3

Food and drug Toxicology (Previously numbered BISC

651, Not a New Course)

BISC 854-3 Ecotoxicology (previously taught as BISC 883 Special

topics in ET)

BISC

855-3

Biochemical Toxicology (Previously taught as BISC 883

Special Topics in ET

BISC

856-3

Industrial Biotechnology (Previously taught as BISC

859

Special Topics)

BISC

655-3

Environmental Toxicology Seminar (New Course)

BISC 656-0 Master of Environmental Toxicology Project

(New Course)

BISC 657-0 Co-op Practicum I (New Course)

BISC 658-0 Co-op Practicum II (New Course)

NOTE: THE ABOVE COURSES ARE AT VARIOUS STAGES OF

DEVELOPMENT. FOR EXAMPLE, BISC 854-3, BISC 652-3, BISC

856-3

AND BISC 650-3 ARE PRESENTLY AVAILABLE TO STUDENTS FOR

CREDIT. NEW COURSES DEVELOPED SPECIFICALLY FOR THE MENTOX

PROGRAM WILL INCLUDE BISC 651-3 ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY

TEST I, BISC

656-0

MASTER OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY

PROJECT, BISC

655-3

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY SEMINAR, BISC

37.

---

657

CO-OP

PRACTICL

J

M I AND

BISC

658-0 CO-OP

PRACTICUM If.

DETATP OUTLINES OF THESE COURSES FOLLOW.

?

1•

1I

---

New

Graduate Course Proposal Form

CALENDAR INFORMATION:

Department: ? Biological Sciences ?

Course Number: 650•(Toreplace

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT ?

current BISC 650)

Description:

?

This course emDhasizes recent deveInp-

m Pnt- in q

i1p ntir a

rive humpn

liealth risk assessment and ecolbgical effects-based risk assessment of environmental chemicalE

Credit Hours: ?

3 ?

Vector: 0-0-3Prerequisite(s) if

an y :

isc

313

ENROLLMENT

AND SCHEDULING:

Estimated Enrollment: ?

When will the course first be offered: 98-1

How often will the course be offered

?

once per year

JUSTIFICATION:

Agraduatelevelcourseonenvironmental 'risk _aSseFSP'ent_

is_

required

_PS_P_

within the proposed MENTOX program.

Which Faculty member will normally teach the course: F. Law

What are the budgetary implications of mounting the course: Unlikely to have an

y sign

ificant

impact since it will re

p lace the

current RTCr Sfl

Are there sufficient Library resources (append details): Yes

Appended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course.

c) Library resources

A

pproved: Departmental Graduate Studies Coniittet

,Date:

ate:

0

?

Faculty Graduate Studies Committee:

?

ate

Faculty:

?

_.(.

b-_Date: _)'

t.

?

..L (c

Senate Graduate Studies

?

________________

-

? Senat:-

?

te:_____________

3q

-

---

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

COURSE OUTLINE

?

0

BISC 6

5O : ENVIRQNHENTMa RISK ASSESSMENT ?

DR. F, LAW

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

This course will present a review of

recent developments in human health ffects-based risk

assessment and ecological effects-based risk assessment of

environmental chemicals. Risk is defined as the likelihood,

or probability, that the toxic effects associated with a

chemical or mixture of chemibals will be prothced in

pppl4lations of individuals under their actual conditions of

exposure. This course will enphasize principles and

pràcedures that are crucial to profes

s

ionals who assess,

manage and communicate chemical risks. The course will be

split between a weekly 1ectue and different environmental

risk assessment exercises.

LECTURE TOPICS:

Enviroinental Risk Assessment: Quantitative Human Health

Risk Assessment and Ec61ogica1 Effects-Based Risk

Assessment

Legislation Related to Risk Assessment of Environmental

Chemicals in the U.S. and Canada

Basic Principlesof Envi-onmetal Risk

Sources of Information about Environmental Risk

Assessment

Overview of the of the Environment Risk Assessment

Processes Recommended by the U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency and the Canadian Council of

Ministers

40.

---

0

?

Reduction of Uncertainties in Environmental Risk

Assessment using Monte Carlo Simulation and

Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Models

Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Risk

Communication

Case Studies in Environmental Risk Assessment

COURSE PREREQUISITES:

BISC 313 An Introduction to Environmental Toxicology II

EVALUATION:

Students are evaluated based on 1 research paper (50%),

1 final exam (30%) and contribution to class discussion

(20%)

COURSE TEXTS:

.

?

?

D.J. Paustenbach. 1989.

The Risk Assessment of

Environmental Hazards,

John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-84998-7

E. J. Calabrese and L. A. 8aldwin. 1993.

Performing ?

Ecological Risk Assessments.

Lewis Publishers, ISBN 0-87371-

703-1

G. W.

Suter II. 1993.

Ecological Risk Assessment.

Lewis

Publishers, ISBN 0-87371-875-5

British Columbia, Ministry of Environment, 1993.

Quantitative Human Health Risk Assessment. Phase I - Review

of Methods and Framework Recommendation. British Columbia,

Ministry of Environment, Victoria.

Environment Canada, 1992. A Framework for Ecological

Risk Assessment at Contaminated Sites in Canada.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1989, Risk

Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. I: Human Health

Evaluation Manual; Interim final, RAGS, OSWER 9285.7-01a,

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1991 Risk

Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. I: Human Health

Evaluation Manual, Part B: Development of Risk-based

Preliminary Remediation goals, RAGS, OSWER 9285.7-01B. U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

•

It,.

---

- ?

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991 Risk

Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. I: Human Health

Evaluation Manual, Part C: Risk Evaluation of Remedial

Alternatives,

RAGS,

OSWER 9285.7-01C, U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1989, Risk

Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. II: Environmental

Evaluation Manual. Interim final. U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency, WashingtOn, D.C.

q

-

^ -

---

Senate Graduate Studies Committee!

ied: Departmental Graduate Studies Coittee:

Faculty Graduate Studies Committee:

Faculty:

a

New Graduate Course Proposal Form

ALENDAR INFORMATION:

Biological Sciences ?

Course Number:

?

651

epartmeflt

?

(i'[aces current

e: ?

Toxicity Tests I. Ecological effects-based tests.

?

BISC 651)

scrition:This course provides the basic concepts and practical experience for the

plicatlon of ecologically-based toxicity tests.

redit Hours:

?

3

?

Vector: 2-0-4

?

Prerequisite(s) if any:313

NROLLHENT AND SCHEDULING:

stimated Enrollment:

?

5 - 10 ?

When will the course first be offered:97-3

ow

often will the course be offered:

?

once Der year

JSTIFICATI0N:

is course is needed

_to_romp1nr_

Mc c

.°rs,_

'

1c

_

na1y g i _

1

_PnV1rflPnr1

xicology', which deals with mammalian systems. This course relates the concepts and

il experience necessary in toxicological testing with non-mammalian species and

the ecosystem level.

SOURCES:

ich Faculty member will normally teach the course:Dr.C.J.Kennedy/Dr.L.3endel1-oung

.at are the budgetary implications of mounting the course:- TA = 3 Base Units

litial start-up costs: Filters for microplate reader $450, Aquaria $1,100, Chemicals

d kits $1,000, Computer software $47, Glassware $400. Cost per semester: $750

e there sufficient Library resources (append details):

pended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course.

c)

Library resources

Date:_______

Date:___________

Date:__________

- ?

Date:

Senate: __

__Date:

---

BISC

651

Todcity tests I. Ecological

effects-based tests

Course Outlihe

?

0

Inst.ructors Dr. Christopher J. Kennedy/Di. Lah Bendell-Yoing

Course de.sciption:

This

is

a lecture/laboratory course Which deals with the conceptsand practical applications

of various testing procedures used in the determination of ecological effects caused by

toxicant exposure. The test systems examined cover single organism bioassays to

computer simulated models of whole communities. In laboratory sessions students will

gain practical experience in the logistical planning, executiondata aquisition and analysis

of experiments. Ecologically-relevent endpoints which will be examined include acute

lethality, organism performance and reproduction, and population and community

alterations.

Prer&uisitcs:

The course is designed

for

the advanced undergraduate or graduate student with a good

background in environmental wxico1ogy Prerequisite: BISC 313.

Labbiatorv and Lecture Outline:

I.

Acute lethality tests. Lecttires

t

General principles, methodolo

g

y for fih and

invertebrates, examples of test data and statistical analysis, phytoplankton bioassays,

early life stage tests, special considerations, legal aspects. Laboratory: Lethal

Concentration 50 determination for a selected toxicantusing a freshwater invertebrate,

Dapnia inagna

accotding to government standard methodology.

II.

Sublethal toxicity tests I. Lectures: Status and use of sublethal indicators, microbial

toxicity studies, aquatic microbiology, microbial activities, microbial transformations

and degredations. Laboratory: Effective Concentration 50 determination for a

selected toxicant on microbial bioluminescence using the 'Microtox 'test for bacteria.

III.

Sublethal toxicity tests II. Lectures: Status and use of sublethal indicators,

Physiological, behavioral and performance indicators of sublethal effects, secondary

stress tests, seawater challenge, disease challenge, respirornetry, organ function

assays. Laboratory: Detetmination of effects for a elected toxicant on the wimrning

ability of juvenile rainbow trout,

Oncorhynchus inykiss.

IV.

Sublethal toxicity test lit. Lectures: Reproductive indices and population effects,

reproductive impairment and cycles, tole of steroids, early life history and life cycle

tests, chronic tests. Laboratory: Effects of a selected toxicant on reproduction in a

freshwater invertebrate,

Dapnia

Magna,

using a life cycle lest.

V.

Modulating factors. Lectures: Unanticipated variation in toxicity tests and examples,

test conditions, biotic modifiers including species sensitivity, temperate vs. tropical

species, acclimation, nuiritionj health and parasitism, life history and size effects.

Laboratory: Effects of a selected toxicant on the stress biochemistry of two related

species of Pacific salmoh

i

toho

salmon,

Oncor/?ynchus kisutch,

and rainbow trout,

Oncorhynchus in.yki.r.c.

if

Lt

---

VI.

Modulating factors. Lectures: Abiotic modifiers including water chemistry and

matrices; temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, hardness, and sediment

effects. Laboratory: The acute toxicity fof a selected toxicant on a benthic invertebrate

species, chironomids, will be examined under conditions of altered pH and sediment

load.

VII.

Effects on communites. Lectures: Ecosystem context for estimationg reductions in

populations, species richness and diversity, simple model of population dynamics,

community and population indicators of environmental degredation. Laboratory; a

purchased computer pro

g

ram will be used to mathematically model invertebrate

community structure in light of incorporated environmental stresses.

VIII.

Biomonitoring. Lectures: Monitoring goals, chemical vs. biological monitoring,

biological indicators of chemical exposure, field validation. Laboratory: The livers of

exposed and unexposed juvenile rainbow trout will be examined for the induction of

detoxification enzymes as indicators.

Required textbook:

No textbook is chosen at this time for this course

.

L/S

---

• ?

New

Graduat

q

jqqurse P

r op

osal

Form -

CALENDAR tNFOHATIO

DepartDent:

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Course Number: 652

(

•

TO REPLACE

CURRENT BISC

652)

itle:

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY

_TESTING _II _MAMMALIAN _TOXICOLOGY

Descriptiofl

?

THE_,MAIN.FOCUSOF _THIS.COURSE_IS _ON_ LABORATORY TESTING _PROCEDURES

?

CURRENTLY EMPLOYED IN,TH TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OFCHEMICALS

Credit Hours:

?

3 ?

.

Vector:

2-0-3

Prerequisite(s) if any:

BISC 313

(OR PERMISSION OF DEPARTMENT)

ENROLLMENT AND _SCHEDULING:

Estimated Enrollment: 10

7

15 ?

When will the course first be offered: 98

How often will the course be offered:

?

ONCE PER YEAR

JUSTIFICATION.:

A GRADUATE LEVEL COURSE COVERING THE AREAS DETAILED ON THE ACCOMPANYING SHEET IS

REQUIRED AS A CORE COURSE WITHIN THE PROPOSED. MASTER OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY

(MENTOX) PROGRAM.

RESOURCES:

Which Faculty member will normally teach the course:

?

R. A. NICHOt,SON

What are the budgetary implications of mom'ting the course:

flNTTKTVTO_HAv'

SIGNIFICANT IMPACT BECAUSE IT WILL REPLACE THE CURRENT BISC 652 WHICH HAS A

SIGNIFICANT LAB COMPONENT AND TA SUPPORT.

Ate there sufficient Library resources (append details)

.

:

?

YES

Appended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course.

c)

Library resources

"proved: Departmental Graduate Studies Committee:

Faculty Graduate Studies Committee:

Faculty.:

Senate Graduate Studies Committee:

Date:____________

Date:______

Date:

-

Date :O

ô4'z

Senate:......

?

- ?

. . ?

Date:___________

---

• ?

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

652

ENVIRONMENTAL

MAMMALIAN

TOXICOLOGY

TOXICIOLOGY

TESTING II:

PROFESSOR: ?

Dr. R. A. Nicholson

?

Office: B9238

Lab: ?

B7230

Phone: 291-4107

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

This course provides a foundation in the basic principles and strategies involved

in the toxicological evaluation of chemicals. Lectures will cover the use of animals

in toxicological research, good laboratory practice (GLP) and current

procedures for the assessment of chemicals as acute, chronic, reproductive,

teratogenic and genetic toxicants. The course also focuses on organ-specific

damage including neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.

Laboratory exercises in the course are preceded by a visit to the SFU Animal Care

Facility and are designed to provide opportunities to gain experience in

formulating and testing hypotheses, making experimental observations, critical

evaluation of data and writing of reports.

Visits locally to other laboratories involved in toxicological research form another

instructive aspect of the course.

RECOMMENDED TEXT:

Principles and Methods of Toxicology 1994 (third edition) by A. W. Hayes.

Publisher: Raven Press; ISBN 0-7817 0131-7

EVALUATION:

Final grade will be based on laboratory reports and the final two hour examination

which will cover the materials introduced in lectures, laboratories and off-site

visits.

LECTURE TOPICS:

Use of Animals in Research and Good Laboratory Practice

Acute and Chronic Toxicity Testing

Detecting Adverse Effects of Environmental Toxicants on Liver

Eye and Dermal Testing of Toxicants

Genetic toxicology

Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology

Neurotoxicological Assessment

Evaluation of Chemicall

y -induced Damage to Kidney

0

0.

---

LABORATORIES AND ASSOCIATED REQUIREMENTS:

Visit to SFU Animal Care Facility

Acute toxicity testing using insects as a model (identification

of

compound-specific

symptoms and determination of 1-1330)

Assessment of serum enzyme activity as a means to identify liver damage

Histological examination of liver samples prepared from solvent-exposed animals

Ames mutagenicity test on several enyioimental chemicals

Teratogenic assessment

of

Trypan Blue

in

the rat

LIBRARY RESOURCES;

Relevant books

?

Toxic substances and human risk (Tardiff and Rodricks)

Toxicology of the eye, ear and other special senses (Hayes)

Biochemical basis of chemical carcinogenesis (Grainau)

Developmental toxicology (Kimmel and Buëlke-Sam)

Developmental toxicology (Snell)

Advances in teratology (Woolarn)

Toxicology of the newborn (Kacew and Reasor)

Toxicology of the liver (Plaa and Hewitt)

Neurotoxicology (Abou-Donia)

Articles in the following journals will be drawn upon as required

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

Food and Cosmetics Toxicology

Fundamental and Applied Toxicology

Journal of Phammacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Science

Mutation Research

Demography

Lancet

Journal of Neurochemistj-v

---

New Graduate Course Proposal Form

CALDAR INFORJ1ATIcz:

Department:

?

Biologiral

Sc.nr

?

Course Number:

?

654

0

tie: ?

FOOD AND DRUG TOXICOLOGY

Description:Tochangecurrent _BISC651 Food and Drug Toxico1ovtoBTSS.

Onl y

course number-is changed. Courqp conrenr.s reMn

irnhpnpr

Credit Hours:

?

3

?

Vector:fl-O-3Prerequisite(s) if any: BISC 313

ROLU-T AND

SCHIDULLNG:

Estimated Enrollment:

_s-in

When

will the course first be offered:

?

8-1

How often will the course be offered:

?

once per year

JUSTIFICATION:

- ?

- A core course of the MENT.OX Droram..

Which Faculty member will normally teach the course: F. Law

What are the budgetary implications of moting the course: Unlikely to have any âignifica

since it will reiace

hø ?

SC 651

Are there sufficient Library resources (append details) :yes

A

ppended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course.

c)

Library resources

roved: Deparcmenal Graduate Studies Cojttee:

0

Faculty Graduate Studies Coittee:_____

-Faculty:

Senate Graduate Studies Committee:

Senate:

Date:

Date:________

Date:______

Dat e:

Date:

---

New Graduate Course F'ropoSal Form

CALENDAR- INFORMATION:

Department: Biological Sciences ?

Course Number: 854-3

Ide: ?

Ecotoxicology

Description:Theproposedcoursewilldetailthephycochemicalfactorsthatinfluence.

contaminant behaviour in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems

Credit Hours: ?

3 ?

Vector: °

03

Prerequisite(s) if any:

BISC 101; DiEM 102; CHEI1 103; BISC 312; BISC 414-3 is recojiuTended.

ENROLLMENT AND SCHEDULING:

Estimated Enrpllment:

?

20

?

When will the course first be offered: 97-3

?

How

often will the course be offered: Once ever

y

trimester

JUSTIFICATION:

The proposed course will provide an ecological perspective

on curren€ problems in

environmental toxicology. This course is intended to introduce graduate students

plus those students enrolled within the Masters of Environmental Toxicology prograime

to the irrortant Physicochemical factors that need to be understood to a11 for an

•

evaluation of the fate and effects of co

r

taminants on aquatic and terrestrial systems.

RESOURCES:

Which Faculty member will normally teach the course:

?

Dr. Leah Bendell-Young

What are the budgetary implications of mounting the course:

?

minimal cost--

some support for the proposed laboratory section may be required

re there sufficient Library resources (append details):_____

p

pended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course.

c)

Library resources

'' 1

roved: Departmental Graduate Studies Coittee:

?

Date:____________

Faculty Graduate Studies Committee:_

?

Date:_____________

Faculty: ?

W..-,

Date:

Senate Graduate Studies CoxmDittee:

'\

\y 1

L ' ?

.. Date:

Senate: ?

..

?

-

?

5o

?

_Date:____________

---

S

NEW COURSE: BISC 854-3

Ecotoxicology

Graduate level course/ undergraduate enrolment permitted with permission from

instructor.

LECTURER: Dr. Leah Bendell-Young

OBJECTIVE -

Ecotoxicology is "the study of the fate and effects of contaminants on ecosystems".

Research within the field of ecotoxicology involves the study of how abiotic (i.e. the

physico-chemical factors which influence the fate of contaminants within ecosystems)

and biotic (i.e., organism biology) factors ultimately determine the impact of a

contaminant on a particular receiving environment.

Fundamental to the study of ecotoxicology is an understanding of ecosystem structure

and function. Once the basic principles of a particular ecosystem are known, the

movement or behaviour of a contaminant can be foilowed through this system.

Further, unique systems can be compared (e.g., acidified versus circumneutral lakes;

polymictic, anaerobic, shallow lakes versus deep, dimictic, aerobic lakes; acidic,

sphagnum bogs versus circumneutral, grass fens) and through such ecosystem

comparisons, the dominant physico-chemical factors which influence the fate of a

contaminant can be elucidated.

Hence, the objective of this course is two-fold: 1/ To provide students with a

background into the structure and function of various types of ecosystems and once

the basic ecosystem function is understood, to contrast the movement of a

contaminant (either inorganic or organic) through these specific ecosystems. 2/ To

provide students with a background on some of the various biological factors that will

influence the effect of a contaminant on a particular organism (e.g., growth rate, size,

reproductive status, trophic level).

PREREQUISITES

BlO 101 102, CHEM 101, 102, 610 312. (Also recommended but not required: BlO

472.

MARKING SCHEME

1/ Student seminar

?

30%

2/ Student paper

?

30%

3/ Final exam

?

40%

The student seminar will be approximately half-hour in length and will involve the

presentation of the term paper.

5/.

---

TEXT

At present there is nb required text fbr this coUrse. the following is recomnierided;

Aiiatib Ecotbxicblbgy: FUhdarnental concepts and methodologies. Vol I and Vol

Editois: Alain ôUdou and Francis Ribeyre. However, due to its prohibitive price; the

stUdent Will not be expected to purchase this

text.

ipplëmental material

will

be provided throuhout the course.

T NtATiVE CbUR OUTLINE

11

Genbial iritrodUOtioh EcbtbicoIoy

as

ah emerging mUltidisbiplinai-y science.

21

àsiO concepts in ecosystem WLibtuie and fuhctibh.

at Freshwater lakes

bi Saline Iákds

c/ Rivers (River Continuum Cohcept)

d/ Wethd (bog

'' s and féns 1

mUs kegs and ma?sh es)

ë/ Estuaries

3/ An e½luation of the abi'otic factors Which in

'fluen

'ce the behaviour of contaminants

throUh a particUla ecosystem; a cohiparativë approach. Some examples of

cornprisOns to be rhade include:

the deochemical

cycling

of metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Al, Mn, and Fe) in

acid

versus cftcuFiiheutral lakes

gebchemical cycling of rrieiáls in meso versus bligo-saline lakes

trace metal cycling in bog versus fen type wetlands

4/ An é½luation of the biotic factorswhich influence the effect of a contaminant on

associated biota. Examples of some of the biological factors to be discussed ihclUde;

growth rates (allometric cOnsideratiOns)

stage of life history

trophic level

fOod chain length

---

New Uracuate Course rropuziai rul.w

CALENDAR INFORMATION:

Biological Sciences

Depa

rtmen

?

t:

Course Number: 855

tie:

?

Biochemical Toxicology

Description: This course examines the biodynamics and actions of toxicants on several key

lological systems within living organisms at the biochemical and molecular levels.

Credit Hours:

?

Vector: ?

20 ?

Prerequisite(s) if any:_30:'.,3l3

.EN

ROLLMEN T

AND SCHEDULING

3-19

Estimated Enrollment: ? When will the course first be offered:

?

973

How often will the course be offered:

everysecondyear

JUSTIFICATION:

here exists at this time no course which will provide students with a fundamental

ackground in toxicant dynamics and actions at the biochemical and molecular level.

nderstanding of these underlying processes at this level is a necessary requirement

or most of the courses in environmental toxicology at the graduate level.

Pr;;r.

Which Faculty member will normally teach the course: Dr. C.J. Kennedy

What are the budgetary implications of mounting the course: ?

. . one

Are there sufficient Library resources (append details):Yes

Appended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course..

c)

Library resources

A pproved:

?

Departmental Graduate Studies Committee:

_Date:_____________

Faculty Graduate Studies Committee:

__Date:_____________

V ?

Fay:

?

_

C'k4

(

.

CA4)Date:

L

Senate Graduate Studies

Date:

Senate:

?

53

,

?

_Date:

---

P!

.

5

?

855

?

BiQqFim!P!

Course Qutline

tpippIgy

?

-"

?

.

nstrcpr;

PF, C

h

ristopher J. Kei fly

Coursedescption:

This

cpre

a.l.

Wiii

the

?

qpd ç

p n

f o

can t wi t h in

living pgflisps

44

the biochemical and molecular levels The biochcrnisuy of xenobiotic biotrapsfoirpation

and factors

which

alter an or o anisnis

fSpOfls

tQ ?

e )cflhlfl

e Ø lfl

Mcharjisrns of toxicapt action are examined in key biological systems including

memjranes, enzyncs,

potelps,

nuclpic acids and integrated systems

such

aseneigy

r

il etabolism

Chemical aicinogenesis and immune respopses and the application of

biochemical methods in investigqng the rnechanlsnls of

toxiçant action will also be

discussed.

Prerequisites:

T.'i

p

course is ?

sgneç 'oi' he cypcpci

?

or gpae Sti4clCfl with gpod

?

backgroqnd in biochemistiy, physiology and cnionmental toxicology Piercquisies

3 3.Q, BISC 301 and BISQ 313 pr 6qu,ivalepts,

Outline:

1. ?

Tntrpøtiction to tle qsc çp ppt of bipplemica1 toxicolpgy.

?

istpy, inception,

gq nrai

biochemical Øescdpti

?

of

?

phases of pxcajfl action; e)ppSqr,

0 ?

toxicokinetics inclpding absoiption, distribution and excretion and the toxicodynamic

phase inçiqWpgtoxicant-7 re,tcraci

p

iqcqdipg ptjØot.

II. Metabolic fate of xenobiQtjq.

phase

I

reactions:

concepts, microsomal

mQnopxygepatons, flavinrpQpt4jpjn

c,

flpnopçygepatior, ponmicrosonial

q

iatops,

cooxiØátion reactions, reduction reactions, hydrolysis. Phase II

reactions: cpppppts,

g

l

yc

g1ipprpnides, splfaipn, m

et

b y

1a

ip

n,

acyal.jop,

glutathione transferase,lipophilhc conjugation, phase II activation Factors affecting

metabolism; biological, chethici an

d

epyironpaJ.

Ifl. Ener

g

y

!petabollspi and oxidative posphoyion. Review of energy met.QlSn1,

effec

of

pxints pp energy eseyes ?

pat.hvays of epergy production. Qxidaive

poppryauop

and

respfripn,

ph

pp

phosph

p

ry1ation

a ?

hposynthess, ATP

?

äyaiibiiity and metabolism, r)erturbations of ener

g

y qnsdp cipg membranes.

iy.

Effects

o ?

n

mebrafles.

m

1ep

a

p copippsiion, reactjye etaboli formation, free

radicals, lipid peroxi

?

ion,

sophjJizg,

pores

an d

t r

ansport, inte g rity, membrane

fluidity.

V. Enzymes and cofactors.

Enzyme

function and kinetics. Peoxiflcaion

syems. Key biochemical s)

1 sems

and

receptors. Effects on

sp e c

ific

enzymes,

synthesis, cofacators.

YL

P.Fotein and ceiç

acid m

?

pflsni. Nucleic acid and protein metabolism, DNA

?

metabolism, DA repair, iii

b

i

qq

of DNA replican and plyrperases, RNA

.5L1.

---

S ?

metabolism and effects on RNA polymerases, protein metabolism, enzyme induction

and inhibitors of synthesis.

VIII.

Mechanisms of chemically-induced injury and cellular protection mechanisms.

Covalent binding, glutathione, redox cycling, oxidative cell injury, bio-reduction,

prevention, antidotes, repair.

IX.

Minerals, electrolytes and acid-base equilibria. Biochemistry of osmoregulation in

mammals and aquatic organisms. Toxicant effects on transport epithelia and

mechanisms. Renal and branchial toxicity. Acid-base balance effects.

X.

Carcinogenisis. Historical perspective, cancer, classes of chemical carcinogens,

somatic mutation theory, oncogenes and cellular transformation, tumor suppressor

genes, epigenetic mechanism of carcinogenesis, multistage carcinogenesis, tumor

promoters.

XI.

Immune aspects. Introduction to the mammalian and piscine immune systems.

Effects of toxicants on defense mechanisms. Allergic reactions. Specific immune

system tests.

XII.

In vitro methods in biochemical toxicology: perfused organs, cell cultures, isolated

cells, microsomes

Re q

uired textbook:

40 ?

No textbook is chosen at this time for this course

.

55-.

---

NEW GRADUATE COURSE PROPOSAL FORM

.' ENDAR INFORMATION:

partrnent BIOSCIENCES ?

- ?

Course No.: ?

-.856

tie: Industrial Biotechnology

•scription: This course isintended to provide students with the theor

y

and hands-on experience of several

jonlv-used biotechnological techniques.

edit Hours: 3units

?

Vector;

?

2 .. 0-6 ?

Pre-requisite(s), if

any:

BISC 221 & 303

BISC 329 recommended

de g

raduate enrollment with permission of the instructor

\JROLLMENT AND SCHEDULING:

timated Enrollment: ?

20 ?

When will the course first be offered:

?

97-3

.3w

.often will the course be offered: Once ever

y

4-6 semesters. depnding on enrollment

JSTIFICATION:

evousl y

offered as BISC 423 - dropped from calendar as faculty member had other commitments. At

nt. there are no upper-level courses in micrObiolo

gy which offer students experience in an integrated set

biotechnolo gy techniques based upon current industr

y

requirements. This course will be useful to students

the proposed Masters of Environmental Toxicology Dro2rarn. graduate students with an interest in micro-

o1ov as well as en g

ineerina students involved in biotechnolov.

SOURCES:

hich Faculty member will normally teach the course: Dr. M. Moore

hat are the budgetary implications of mounting the course: Lab Instructor. Lab space, Lab

-Dp

lies.

-e there sufficient Library resources (append details)? Yes

Dpended:a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course.

c)

Library resources

J

Proved: Departmental Graduate Studies Committee:

?

Date:

Faculty Graduate Studies Committee: ?

cflt . ?

Date:

Faculty: ?

cMI-, ?

Date:

Senate Graduate Studies Committee:

?

Date:

Senate:

?

5.

?

Date:

---

BISC

856

(formerly 423)

?

Dr. M. Moore

Tentative Course

Outline ?

Ms. N. McGregor

Objectives and Rationale for Offering this Course

The objectives of this course are to introduce students to the theoretical and

practical aspects of a variety of techniques currently used both in the

biotechnology industry and in research institutes. The topics were selected in

extensive consultation with Canadian academic institutions as well as

biotechnology industries. Students taking this course will gain expertise in areas of

biotechnology that can be used in many subdisciplines e.g. biochemistry,

environmental toxicology, microbiology. In addition to rounding out their academic

training, Industrial Biotechnology will also provide students with hands. on

experience in novel laboratory techniques and give them the experience of working

in groups in technical development and troubleshooting. A clear need for personnel

trained in such areas has been identified by the Canadian Biotechnology Council

and the BC Science Council.

At present, the Dept. of Biological Sciences at SFU has only one Microbiology course

(BISC 303) and there are numerous requests each semester for a 4th year course

which would build upon the material covered in BISC 303. This course will therefore

build upon material presented in BISC 303. Our department had offerred an

Industrial Biotechnology course in the past but it has not been given for several

• years as the previous instructor has not been available to teach the course.

Who can enrol?

Industrial Biotechnology will be offerred as a fourth year course but will be available

to graduate students with special permission. The course requirements for graduate

students will be more rigourous than for the undergraduates; graduate students will

be required to present a seminar and a term paper on a topic selected by them (in

consultation with the instructor). Material presented in both the theoretical and

practical components of the course is designed to complement other biotechnology

courses such as BISC 431 (Molecular Biotechnology) and BISC 457 (Plant Molecular

Biology and Biotechnology).

Course content

Lectures:

The course will have two lectures per week which will discuss the theoretical basis

of various techniques (see below) and current applications in research and industry.

Selected guest speakers from industry will be invited to give a lecture on their area.

Some time will be set aside at regular intervals (e.g. once per month) for

troubleshooting as well as for formal group presentations of the data.

S_i.

---

BISC

856

(formerly 423)

?

Dr.

M.

Moore

Tentative Course Outline

?

Ms. N.

McGregor

Lithoratory:

?

S

This will be the main emphasis of the course; however, the laboratory exercises are

not simply demonstrative. Instead, the entire semester's laboratory program will

constitute a research project for the entire class as is discussed below. Briefly, the

students will be isolating soil bacteria using enrichment cultures and testing their

abilities to oxidize toluene, a soil pollutant. They will then identify and characterize

the isolates while comparing it to a laboratory strain of

Pseudomonas putida, p'NWO,

Which carries the tol-metabolic plasmid. They will use a recombinant tol-plasmid

(obtained by us) Which has the GUS reporter gene to transfect selected bacterial

strains. They will then reinoculate various soils and attempt to recover their

genetically-engineered strains from the soils.

Week ?

Laboratory Exercise

Introduction - Laboratory practices

Preparation of plates/shake flasks

2 ?

Plating/ selecting organisms

Begin biochemical/ morphological tests to identity

organisms along with lab strain of

P. putida -

manual

testing, Biolog autbmated) testing

3 ?

Chemical analysis of toluene oxidation - thin layer

chromatography, gas chromatography

4 ?

Dispersal of engineered lab strain of

P. putida

to contained

soils

5

?

Quantification of selected hydrocarbons in water/media

samples usin g ELISA

Growth in the fermenter of the 'best' oxidizers - culture

optimization, pH, p02, media selection

7 ?

Culture optimization II

8 ?

Culture storage techniques

9 ?

Recovery of lab strain of

P. put Ida

from soils which were

previously inoculated - plating and DNA isolation

..6

---

BISC

8 5 6

(formerly 423)

?

Dr. M. Moore

Tentative Course Outline ?

Ms. N. McGregor

is

?

10 ?

Detection and quantification of luminescent recombinants

in spread plates illuminated at optimal wavelength,

Colony lifts and filter preparation for hybridization

11 ?

Hybridization of filters with fluorescently-labelled

plasrnid-specific probes; cherniluminescent detection on

film

12 ?

spare

Prerequisites

Students are required to have completed BICH 221, BICH 222, BISC 303 and one

undergraduate analytical chemistry course at the second year level.

Student Evaluation

The students-will meet regularly to present their results (in groups) an to discuss

and troubleshoot the laboratory exercises. Individually, they will be required to

hand in written lab reports for at least 4 of the exercises. A midterm and a final exam

is will be used to assess their knowledge of the material presented' in the lectures.

Text

It is expected that the students will use a variety of materials photocopied from the

current biotechnological literature; however, at present we are also evaluating

several new texts for their suitability for this course.

First Offering

It is hoped that this course will be offerred beginning 95-3. Development time has

been allotted to Ms. McGregor in 94-3 and 95-2 for the purposes of setting up the

laboratory exercises.

S

59.

---

New Graduate Coirse l'ropqsal Fori

CALENDAR INFORMATION:

jepartmeflt

?

Biological Sciences

?

Course Number:

?

655

Environmental Toxjcn1ov Se

m in a r -z:

Description

?

A structured series of seminars on rh recenr d

p i p

lop-ments of

environmental toxicology

Credit Hours:

?

3 ?

Vector: 3-0-0

?

Prerequisite(s) if any:

ENROLLMENT AND SCHEDULING:

Estimated Enrollment: ?

10 ?

When will the course first be offered: 98-1

How often will the course be offered:

?

OI

_or_'ar

JUSTIFICATION:

A required com p

onent of an integrated'

ormip rf ?

urec

Fnr

t-1-

MTV

prorm.

RESOURCES:

Which Faculty member will normally teach the course: Any faculty

-

in the MENTOXprogram

What are the budgetary implications of mounting the course: Travelandaccommodation

budget for visitors; publication costs

Are there sufficient Library resources (append details):NA

Appended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course.

c)

Library resources

Departmental Graduate Studies committee: _Date:/

Faculty

Faculty: ?

Graduate Studies Coittee: _---

O-, Date:

Date:

??

) .

?

s.S (a

.

Senate Graduate _StudiesCouittee:\

j

C._

?

Date:

Senate:

?

c)

?

Date:

')proved:

---

BISC 655

?

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY SEMINARS

A structured series of seminars which are designed to

keep step with the development of environmental toxicology

and the MENTOX program.

No library facilities required.

.

"I.

---

New Graduate Course Proposal Form

CALENDAR INFORMATION:

Department:

?

Biological Sciences

?

Course Number: ?

656

Title:

?

Mpsfpr rif EnrnnrnPniLTrvirn1npy

prnjrf

Descripcipn:

?

One semester experience in a university or commercial laboratory

according to students interests

?

-

Credit

our;

?

0• ?

Yectpr; ?

Prerequisite(s) .f any:_____

Acceptance into program

ENROLLMENT AND SCHEDULING:

Enated Enrollment:

?

will

the course first be offered; 98-2

How

often will

the course be off ered;Evetycpiester

RESOURCES:

Which Faculty member will

normally tach the course; An

y _facult y

in_ the _

MENTflX_

prnpram

What are the-budgetary implications of mounting the course:e

4re there sufficient Library resources (4

ppe

4

details):______________________________

Appended: a) Outline of the course

b)

An 1nd1pt.gn of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course,

c) Lrary

resoirces

Approved; Departmental Graduate Studies Committee:

?

e:

• Faculty Graduate Studies Committee:

2-t?

/-i.-,iDate:

96751/i

Faculty: ?

______

Date:

2Th

_

?

CS

Senate Graduate Studies Co=ittee:

VcI_-_

_Date:

Senate: ?

___-

?

-

?

-

?

-

?

-,Date:____________

---

BISC 656 COURSE OUTLINE

MASTER OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY PROJECT

A requirement of the Master in Environmental Toxicology programme is a

project on an aspect of environmental toxicology. The topic chosen in

consultation with the Supervisor, may be based on reading and research

associated with problem analysis or based on original research in the

laboratory.

---

CALENDAR

INFORMATI

ON

:

eptmeflt:

?

BIOLOGICAL

SCTNCPS

?

Course Number:_ 657

Ltle: ?

CO-OP PRACTICUM I

Description: ?

FIRST WORK EXPERIENCE FOR IIENTOX STUDENTS

?

1•

Credit Hours:

_

0_

Vector:

?

0 ?

Prerequisite(s) If any:ComPletion

of Professional

Paper

ENROLLMENT AND

SCHEDULING:

Estimated

Enrollment:

5/year

When

will the course first be

offered:1998

How often

will the course

be offered:

Each

semester where .there is a demand

JUSTIFICATION:

Would attract hi

g

h oualitv

graduate S

i-nnr. by a

fferind

.c

i

-

?

1n rpr

employment opportunities ?

-

RESOURCES:

Which Faculty member will normally teach the course:

?

n/a

What are the budgetary implications of

mounting

the course:Nil. To be administered

from the MENTOX

office.

Are

there sufficient Library resources (append details):

?

n/a

Appended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the

Faculty

member to give the course.

c)

Library resources

A

pproved: Departmental

Graduate Studies

^

^Y

j—

Date:

Faculty Graduate Studies Co

mm

ittee:

?

Date:____________

If

Faculty:

Q'r

k.

?

Date:

'7

?

L

Senate Graduate Studies Comm

ittee: _

?

,

?

Date:?)

Senate: ?

__

_ _

-_Date:

---

New Graduate Grse eroposai rorm

CALENDAR INFORMATION:

Iapartflt

?

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

?

Course Number:

?

658

St 1 a:______

?

CO-OP PRACTICUM II

Description:

?

SECOND WORK EXPERIENCE FOR MENTOX STUDENTS

Credit Hours:

?

0

Vector:0Prerequisite(s) if any:_Comoletion

of Professiona' Paper

ENROLLMENT AND SCHEDULING:

EstimatedEnrollment:

?

5/yearWhen will the course first be offered: 1998

How often will the course be offered:Eachsemesterwherethereisademand

JUSTIFICATION:

Would attract hi

g

h aualitv

g

raduate 'stiidents b

y

offerin

o'nd

l

ong term

employment opPortunities

Drc,\1fl,('t'c.

Which Faculty member will normally teach the course:n/a

?

_-

?

What are the budgetary implications of momting the course: Nil. To be administered

from the

MENTOX office.

Are there sufficient Library resources (append details):

?

n/a

Appended: a) Outline of the Course

b)

An indication of the competence of the Faculty member to give the course.

c)

Library resources

&pproved: Departmental Graduate Studies Coittee:

?

-

Faculty Graduate Studies Committee:

?

/-''( Date:','//'

Faculty:

?

_

_

_

Date:j4 __

-LL

Senate GraduateScudies

. Conittee: ?

Date:________

Senate: ?

Date:_____________

---

Proposed Course Scheduling for MENTOX

Year 1

?

Year

Courses

Fall

Spring

Summer

Fall Spring

Summer

BISC 656 ET Project

X

X

X

X

X

X

BISC 651 El Test I

X

X

BISC 855 Bioch. Toxicol.

X

BISC 854 Ecol. Toxicol.

X

BISC 856 Ind. Biotech.

X

BISC 655 ET Seminar

X

X

BISC 657 Co-op Practicum I

X

X

X

X

X

X

BISC 658 Co-op Pràcticum II

X

X

X

X

X

X

BISC 650 Env. Risk Ass.

X

X

BISC 654 Food & Drug Tox.

X

X

BISC 652 El Test II

X

X

BISC 846 Insect. Chem.

X

X

BISC 856 Ind. Biotech.

X

MRM 610 Mngt. of Contam.

X

X

MRM 612 Sim. Modelling

X

X

KIN 851 Exp. Carcinogen.

X

X

STAT 650 Quant. Anal.

X

X

---

S ?

S

Proposed Teaching Loads for

M

ENT OX Faculty Members iii bepartment of

Biological

Siènces

Fall

Spring

Summer

Bende!1-Ybiing ?

BISC 651 El Test I

BISC

329

R

(every 2nd year)

BISC

854

Ecol. Tox.

R

(evexy 2nd ear)

k-dnnedy ?

BISC 651 ET Test I

iSC

445

R

(every 2nd year)

BISC

855

BiOchem. TOx;

(66ty 2nd yêär)

LaW

?

BISC

Mi

BISd

650

Env. Risk

R

BISC 654 1ood/brug

Moore ?

BICFI221

BIS313

R

(every 2nd year)

BISC

856

Ind. Biotech

(eV ery 2fid year)

Nicholson ?

BISC 42

BISC

6

51

.

ET Test II

BISC 846 Ins. Chem.

Fanel! ?

BISC 312

BISC 101

R

Note that BISC

854

Ecologial

Toxicology will be

taught

by

Pr. Bendell-Young and BISC

856 Industrial Biotechnology will be taught by Dr.

Moore in conjunction with

BISC 471,

Special Topics in Biology.

---

0 ?

APPENDIX VII

LETTERS OF SUPPORT FROM INDUSTRY AND REGULATORY AGENCY:

(1) Mr. Don Fast, Executive Director, Environmental Protection

Department, B.C. Ministry of Environment.

(2)

Mr. R. Wilson and Dr. G. Brown, CanTox Inc. Consultants in

Toxicology, Health and Environmental Sciences.

(3) Mr. A. Lewis, Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.

is

---

.

Tcicphone:

387-9993

Facsrnilc: 356-9336

File: 6900040

JUN 24 1994

.jPrpviceojc- ?

. ?

BC

?

British Columbia ?

Environment

Ministry of

Environment.

Lands and Parks

Environmental Protection Division

77 Broughton Street

Victoria

British Columbia

v8

y

1x5

Dr, Francis Law

Professor, Environmental

Toicplogy

Srrpn Fraser Uniyerity

Dept. of Biological Sciences

Burnaby,-B.C. V5A 1S6

Pear Dr. Law;

Re: Proposal for

a

Master of Environmental Toxicology Program

Department

of

Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University

As requested, we have now reviewed the above mentioned proposal which

you recently sent to us.

We are pleased to support the

program as proposed. Like yourself, we believe

that

such

a program aimed at producing graduates with toxicolo

g

ical skills.

and expertise demonstratively relevant to the, needs of regu1aory agencies

and environmental industry is sorely needed.

Your proposed p

,

rogram which emphasize the timely production of

professionally oriented, as opposed

to

more tra

.

ditibnal academically.oriented

graduates seems both innovative and pragmatic to us. We agree that such

graduates would help to rectify the current and acute shortage of trained

toxicologists within the field of' environmental management.

Completion of the courses detailed within your proposed program should

produce graduates who possess an exemplary scope and depth of toxicological

kpowledge. It is our opinion that in any graduate degree pro

gram,

candidates

should be required td not

only

demonstrate. their ability to.assimilate

knowledge, but also

a

pply that knowledge in novel circumstances. In this

latter respect, we view your proposed requirement for the completion of.a

"Master of Environmental Toxicology. Research Paper" and a subsequent oral

examination on the

c

h

osen

topic, as an essentialcomponent of the degree.

In '

closing,1 would like to take this opportunity to encourage you in your ../2'

?

.

.

70.

---

S

continued pursuit of a professional Master of Environmental Toxicology

degree program for your university. Thank you for providing us the

opportunity to comment.

Yours very truly,

Don A. Fast

Executive Director

Environmental Protection Department

S

-U.

---

Ross Wilson, M.Sc.

Scientist

Cord Brown, Ph.D.

Senior Scientist

CANTOX INC.

Consultants in Toxicology

?

Health and Environmental Sciences

666 Burrard Street, Suite 1300, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6C 318, TEL: (604) 688•8255. FAX: (604) 688•2419

April 15, 1994

Dr. Francis Law

Department of Biological Sciences

Simon Fraser University

Burnaby, B.C.

V5A 1S6

Dear

Dr. Law:

It was a pleasure to meet with you the other week. It certainly seems as though you are conducting some

very interesting and relevant research projects.

?

-

As you are aware, Canlox is a leading Canadian company in the areas of toxicology, health and

environmental sciences. CanTox has offices in Vancouver, Calgary, Mississauga and Halifax. We have

a staff of over 60 individuals in our four offices with highly qualified professionals with experience that

encompasses diverse areas of human and aquatic toxicology, environmental fate and modelling, human

health and environmental risk assessment and risk communication.

We have had the chance to review your proposal for the Master of Environmental Toxicology Program.

It is opinion that the program would produce graduates who would be valuable to companies such as

CanTox Inc. Many of the proposed subjects are directly applicable to the work that CanTox conducts

on a daily basis. The most notable example would be the modelling course teaching stochastic risk

assessment procedures. However, the courses teaching various aspects and applications of toxicology

would also provide fundamental and important knowledge required by scientists at CanTox. The Master

of Environmental Toxicology program would definitely give students an edge in securing a position in

a company such as ours. We are sure that if the proposed program is accepted we will look forward to

interviewing some of the graduates as prospective employees (CanTox already employs two recent

graduates from your post baccalaureate diploma program).

We wish you the best in receiving authorization for your program.

Yours sincerely,

CanTox Inc.

S

7.

.-.Vaocouver. • Calgary • Mississauga

•

Halifax

S

---

TQITON

Environmental Consultants Ltd.

120 - 13511 Commerce Po:kwoy

?

1?chrnond. BC., Ccrrodo VOV 211

?

Teiephore: (604) 279-2093

?

Fcx: (604) 279-2047

September 25, 1994

Reference: 9001/WP 6214

Department of Biological Sciences

Simon Fraser University

Burnaby, B.C.

V5A 1S6

Attention: ?

Dr. F. Law?

Professor

Dear Sir:

Re: ?

Proposed Master of Environmental Toxicolog

y

Program (MENTOX)

We are pleased that Simon Fraser University is considering training- students in

toxicology the graduate level. Environmental consulting requires the assessment of

• impacts of toxic materials on the environment. In the past two years roughly 25% of

Triton's contracts dealt with some aspect of the effects of deleterious materials on the

aquatic environment. This is probably a good gauge of the importance of this field to the

enviroirnental business as a whole, as Triton is one of B.C.'s largest' environmental

consulting firms, with over 50 full-time staff.

Triton employs Baccalaureate graduates in some of these contracts, but primarily as

assistants. We require more highly-trained individuals to lead these projects because the

analyses are complex, and frequently involve primary research into some aspect of the

behavior or effect of a toxicant. Often our contracts require expert testimony, and a

Master's graduate is more credible than a Baccalaureate. Furthermore, the assessment of

contaminated sites incurs a liability to our firm, and the direct experience that would be

given through training at a Master's level would increase both our confidence and that of

our clients.

In general we find that Baccalaureate graduates require more training to reach an

acceptable level of technical competence that Master's level graduates. As a result,

MENTOX graduates would be more immediately employable in this field. The proposed

curriculum would provide graduates with sufficient versatility to address a wide range of

projects, but with sufficient detail to step immediately into project work. For example, the

course "Environmental Risk Assessment: Human Health Risk Assessment and Ecological

S

Effects-Based Risk Assessment" is directly applicable to an assessment we completed for

a wood preserving company over the past three-years.

-73.

---

F. Law

Se

i

teiuibi

2, 1994

i.êfCrh

?

)l

iOiw!

6l4

page 2

The ieseárdi Papei re4U hieiit bf the prooséd i\1WTOX iogiahi is of high

vaiue

ih

Ole -

training 6f Odkiulel

to

WoFk iii this' field. Apropriate tdpics would prepare graduates

to woik in 'rdaV problems

We

hope that research topics are focused on e\lstlng problems

ih did field

ai]d that ME14T0X tuderii aid eikouragddhequifed

to

liñie With or t'örk

iii

iiidü ?

'st durihg thëi rësait1i:

f hoje that

the pioposed

MN!

-

ox

j5idgiani

Is

.

hi!emenied at

?

Although we

i8ghize that bthi

OViiidä!

and Atherian Uhiities have these p

l

kogiäills,

a BC:

jiograiM Would be bett

:

täildFed tO thëet B.C.requifethents, arid B.C. gradUate á±ë thbrë

sálãbie to iir s.C; dits; P1eàd thiitadt fild

if

yOU have ái1 4üetidii or iied fUtthi

ihbthiatjOii

S iHeeFe'

meiital COkU1taE ts Ltd.

Adanj LéWThM:c., ltP.13jo:

Maflage;

Filieriës CO iiU1tirig

S

TI2ITON

---

S

APPENDIX VIII

SFU LIBRARY Resource Report (MENTOX proposal and Library

Response)

.

75.

---

J.wL-30-- t996 10

:

37 .. FROM .SFU L BRR'T' MANAGEMENT ?

TO

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

?

WA.C.

BENNELT LIBRARY

?

Memorandum

- ?

3496

?

P..

0e2/e02.

K]

To:

j Leah Benddll-Yaung ?

From:

Sharon Thomas

Library

Re:, MENtOXProgri 11

me

?

Date: ?

07/16/96

Thnk you for your thoughtful response to our assessment of library

requirements for the MENTOX Programme. In view of your description of the

programme as not a research-driven Masters degree but rather a course

oriented professional programme aimed at training professional students' we

believe that the proposed $8,000 per year will cover those basic needs. As you

know I was concerned about the long-term implications of this rather minimal

level of service but I defer to your intention to use the Library only to 'obtain

specific information as

determined by the MENTOX faculty".

Consequently I believe we can

support

the MENTOX Programme as

described

in

your mernorandurü of June 12. 1996 with a recurring budget of

$8,000.

TOTAL

P.002

---

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

1

S

P I

&JTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

?

BURNABY, BRITISH COLUMBIA V5A 1S6

Telephone: (604) 2914475

çy ?

Fax: (604) 291-3496

MEMORANDUM

To: Sharon Thomas, Ralph Stanton; W.A.C. Bennett Library

From: MENTOX Faculty; Leah Bendell-Young, Tony Farrell, Chris Kennedy, Francis

Law, Margo Moore, Russell Nicholson, Dept. of Biological Science.

Re: Library Assessment of Masters Degree in Environmental Toxicology (MENTOX)

Programme;

Date: June 12 1996.

The following memo is organized under four headings. The first provides a description

of the proposed MENTOX programme. The second clarifies the budget that we have

available for acquiring new library holdings relevant to the MENTOX programme. How

the MENTOX faculty would like to see the library allocate these resources is detailed

in the third section. The final section identifies journals already held by the library

that are essential to the MENTOX programme.

1.0 What is MENTOX?

The goals of the programme are to provide students the required theory and methods

needed to assess the fate, effects and risks of contaminants in the environment

through a broadly based interdisciplinary science programme. It is not a research-

driven Masters degree but rather a course oriented professional programme aimed at

training professional students. At a maximum there will be 10 students/year. These

students will not be required to access library resources as intensively as would a

regular M.Sc. student, i.e., given that the professional degree is course driven, they

.

faculty.will

largely be required to obtain specific information as determined by the MENTOX

.77.

---

2

2.Q Available Budget,

The existing budget (in principle) for the

MNTQ X

prOgrrpfl1?

IS

as

follows;

Salaries for session

.

als ?

$20,000.00

Salary for

secretary ?

$1 5,000.00

Field trips/Invited speakprs

?

$ 4,500.00

Off i

ce Supplies/

?

fograme advertisement

?

$ 4,000.00

E q

t.ipmen.t for teaching ?

$ 8,675.00 (Year 1)

$ 4,337,50 (subs

quent years)

Within

this

budget, no monies have been allocated for library resources. However, the

Dean of Science has indicated that a total of $8,000.00 will be made available from

two sources 1/ Monies

released

by terminating some Aquaclture holdings

($1290.00) and 2/ through Faculty of Science Funding ($6710.00). (see also

appended letter from the Dean of Sciences (June 6/96).

Hence, we have available a maximum of $8,000.00 on a recurring basis to be

allocated' for new library holdings

pertinent

to the ME!'JTOX programme. This

represents close to 15% of Qur budget,

3.0 New library h

old

ing s

required for the MENTOX programme.

The library already has substantial holdings directly and indirectly rlated to the area

of Environmental ToxicQIo

gy

(see section 40),

Given these existing holdings the MFNTOX faculty would like to see the following

added to the library collection;

Monographs: Basic reference texts for the MENTOX programme would be required.

Of the $8,000.00, $2,000.00 on a recurring basis will be allocated to acquiring basic

referepce texts as determined by MENTOX faculty,

Total; $2000.00

Jou

r

nals: Journals required fgr th

e

progr

amme are as follows:

1/ Drug Metabolism and Deposition

?

$ 210.00

21 Archives of Toxicology ?

$1880.00

31 Trends in Biotechnology

?

$ 69300

4/ ?

and A

pp lied Toxicology

?

$ 612.00

5/ Neurotxico!ogy

?

(?)

6/ Ecotoxicology ?

$ 275.00

---

W/

Environmental Modelling and Assessment

?

$ 300.00

Total: $6000.00

TOTAL recurring budget: $8,000.00

4.0 Existing library holdings relevant to the MENTOX programme.

Appended to this memo is a. list of current library holdings. We have highlighted those

journals that are of direct and indirect relevance to the MENTOX programme. The

purchase of monographs and journals outlined in Section 3.0 will serve to strengthen

a more than adequate literature base for those students enrolled in the MENTOX

programme.

In conclusion, we hope that this will clarify library resources that are needed to

support the MENTOX programme. Thank you for meeting with us and we look

forward to working with you on this exciting new degree programme.

• Sincerely

Dr. Leah BendeIlYdung

?

Dr. ?

Farrell

Dr. Chris Kennedy

?

Dr. Francis Lyi ,,

Dr. Margo Moore

?

Dr. Russell Nicholson

cc! Mike Smith, Chair, Biological Sciences

Felix Breden, Chair, Graduate Committee

Cohn Jones, Dean of Science

79.

---

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

MEMORANDUM

To: F. Breden, Chair

?

From: C.H.W. Jones, Dean

Faculty of Science

?

Faculty of Science

Graduate Studies Committee

Subject: Budget - Mentox

?

Date: ?

June 6, 1996

I would like to clarify the budget that could be available for Mentox. The

present (1995-96) budget allocation to Biological Sciences for M.Aquaculture is

as follows:

Non-salary ?

$15,000

Salary (technician) ?

$13,829

CFL II (Sessionals) ?

$21,171

With the elimination of the M. Aquaculture programme these monies are

available, in principle, for Mentox.

The M.Aquaculture programme also had library holdings but I do not

know what the value was (is).

?

8

With regard to the new library holdings required for Mentox, I would

envisage four possible sources of funding:

I) Monies released by terminating some Aquaculture holdings;

ii)

Reallocation of some of the above base budget monies from

M. Aquaculture as library funding for Mentox;

iii)

Reallocation by Biological Sciences of other base funding for this

purpose;

iv)

Faculty of Science funding.

The budget for Mentox has never been discussed or approved as such

and we will eventually have to bite that bullet. Fortunately, we do have the base

funding from M.Aquaculture to work from.

As I had suggested earlier, I believe a budget for new holdings for

Mentox ofca. $8,000 would not seem unreasonable and those monies would

have to be derived from I) to iv) above.

is

?

c. M.J. Smith

?

C.H.W. Jones

A.P. Farrell

?

g.

---

Master of Environmental Toxicology Program

Location:

?

B8265 Shrum Science Centre

Telephone: 291-4285

Fax: ?

291-3496

Director: Dr. F. C. P. Law BSc MSc (Alta), PhD (Michigan)

Faculty and Areas of Research

L.

Bendell-Young Ecotoxicology

T. Farrell ?

Physiology and Aquatic Toxicology

F. Gobas ?

Environmental Fate Modelling

C. Kennedy ?

Biochemical and Aquatic Toxicology

F. Law ?

Environmental Toxicology and Risk

Assessment

M. Moore ?

Degradation of chemicals by

microorganisms

R. Nicholson ?

Biochemical and Pesticide Toxicology

R. Routledge ?

Statistics

M. Rosin ?

Environmental Carcinogensis

Before entering the program students should have completed the following

courses or their equivalents. These prerequisites may be waived by the

• ?

Departmental Graduate Studies Committee under special circumstances on

recommendation from the director of the program.

BISC ?

312-3 Environmental Toxicology I

BISC

?

313-3 Environmental Toxicology II

CHEM ?

250-3 Organic Chemistry II

BICH ?

221-3 Cellular Biology and Biochemistry

Each MENTOX student must choose a senior supervisor, after admission, in

consultation with the director of the program. In accordance with university

regulations, a supervisory committee must be formed by the beginning of the

third semester of full-time equivalent enrollment. As part of the requirements,

students must complete a project on a specific aspect of environmental

toxicology which may be based on original field, laboratory or library research.

The student will be supervised on this project by the senior supervisor while

enrolled in BISC 656-0, Master of Environmental Toxicology Project. In

addition to submission of a report at the completion of the project, the student

will make an oral presentation to at least the Supervisory Committee and at

least one other faculty member.

This program may be taken on a part-time basis.

.

,3.

---

Program

Requiremnts'.

Every MENTOX program Will consist of a minimum of 32 semester hours

of

graduate credit, including the follqwing courses:

Core Courses

BISO 650-3 Environmental Rik Assessment; Human Health

Risk Assessment

and Ecological Effects-Based Risk

Assessment

BI

$

C 651-3 Env

i

ronmenta

l

Tooiogy Tests I. Ecological Effects-Based

Tests

B

! SC

652-3 Ennvironmental

.

Toxcolog

y

Tests

II:

Ma m

malian Tox i ci ty

Tests

Pik

654-3 Food and Drug Todcolpgy

BISC 655-3 Environmental Toxicology Seminar

855-3 Biochemical Toxicology

STA T

650-5 Quantitative Analysis in Resource Management and Field Piplogy

B

! SC

66Q Master

of

Environmental

Toxo!ogy

Project.

Elective Courses

One of

BISc. 854-3 Ecotoxicq!ogy

REM 10-5 Managemeni of

Contaminants

in the Environment

61

EASC 3 Groundwater

Hydro!o9y

At least 6 credits chosen

from the follqwing;

B! SC

856 Industrial BiotechnQlogy

BISC 846-3 Insecticide Qhemistr

y

and

Toxicology

REM 612-5

.

Simulation

Mo d e

ll in g

in

Natural Reso

y

rce Management

KIN 851-3 Recent Advances in

Experimental

Carcinogenesis

BISC 883-3 Special Topics in Environmental Toxicology

Co.operative

Ed uc

atio

n

Program

The Master

of

Environmental Toxicology Program has introduced a Go-

o p

erative Education option in the program in order to aI!ow

students

to gain

work experience outside the university. Award of the Master of Environmental

Toxicology is not contingent on satisfactorily completing the Co-operative

Education option.

Students registering in the Co-op program need to

p a

y

attention to the

regulations governing minimum fee requirements (see Fees for Masters and

PhD. students).

.

---

0

?

Professional Registration and Certification

Eligibility for the Certification Examination of the American Board of Toxicology,

Inc. can be met through the Master of Environmental Toxicology program and

four years of work experience.

Graduate Courses

BISC 650-3 Environmental Risk Assessment: Human Health Risk Assessment

and Ecological Effects-Based Risk Assessment. Review of principles and

procedures crucial to professionals involved in assessing, managing and

communicating the risks of environmental chemicals.

BISC 651-3 Environmental Toxicology Tests I. Ecological Effects- Based Tests.

Basic concepts and practical applications of various testing procedures used in

the determination of ecological effects caused by toxicant exposure.

BISC 652-3 Environmental Toxicology Tests II. Mammalian Toxicity Tests.

Foundation in the basic principles and strategies involved in the primary

toxicological evaluation of chemicals using laboratory animals.

BISC 654-3 Food and Drug Toxicology. Comprehensive account of the toxic

• ?

effects of drugs and chemicals that are added intentionally or unintentionally in

one's diet.

BISC 655-3 Environmental Toxicology Seminar. Discussion of recent

literature in environmental toxicology through student seminars.

BISC 656-0 Master of Environmental Toxicology Project. One semester of

research experience in environmental industry or university according to the

student's interests.

BISC 657-0 Co-op Practicum I. Practical experience in an environmental

industry or a regulatory agency.

BISC 658-0 Co-op Practicum II. Practical experience in an environmental

industry or a regulatory agency.

0

---

stMON FRASER . UNIVERSITY

?

JUN 231991

11t1 iJ

?

?

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

?

v r i

?

BURNABY, BRrI1R GO! MBM45*156

Telephone (604) 2914475

Fax: (604) 291-3496

Jiitie 19, i997

Dr Phyllis M. Wrënh;

?

-

As§bdaid Dean,

Office of the Dean Of Giädtiätë

Stüdiës;

Simon Fraset University,

Btrriaby,

Dëár Dr. WFëzin

Re MtNtok

Proposal.

YOur hiemorähdtThj dated Jühë 4, 1997 and the comments of three of the foUi

on the proposal f6f the Maser of Erwirohniehtal toxicology have been pasëd On tO the

fOr response*;

I am pleased that the

?

reviewers' comments

m

are very

,

positive and I would like to take this

opportunity to thank them fOr thëii- cohstructive rëviëWs. Let me address the response to

each of the reviewers sëcjüëntially:

Dr;

10!IE1

Arnaón

Overall Asséssliient. I disagree that the titkMàstei of Ehvironmehtal Toxicology" i

thisleadihg. As indicated ih the proposal, this is a "professional" degree which differs to

the tráditibnal

MSc.

degree offered by the Faculty of Science. Moreth'er, the proposed

program does not hãvë any hlanagei-heht course.. The

title

of "Masters in Environmental

toxicology Mahagenient'

IS

confusing at SFU since it implies the program is offered by

the School of esoUrce and Environmental Management. Also, the title implies

envfro

nmentai tokicology can be managed. This is incorrect.

Academic MeHt.

A

formal thanagement structure for the program Was an integral part of

the pidposal. However, this Was removed before the proposal Was sent out

for

review.

Aduacv

oacuIty

äd Resourcë.

No response.

liemand

Amofig

Students.

No

response.

behiand Amdhg Employers; No response.

---

2

Recommenda t

ions: (1) Name change. Please see responses in Overall Assessment. (2) I

•i am in total agreement with Dr. Arnason that the program needs a formal governing

structure especially the appointment of a director who will guide the development of the

program and has the power to defend the interests of the MENTOX program.

Dr. Barry Btakley

Program Objectives. Dr. Blakley has expressed a reservation that the second objective of

the proposal (to develop and maintain high standards of research and education in

toxicology) will be met by the program.

My response: It should be remembered that all faculties contributing to the MENTOX

program are active researchers in environmental toxicology. Consequently I expect a

student to become involved in a discrete project within the current focus of a faculty

member's research. Projects will be judiciously chosen to ensure feasibility while

promoting a framework for intellectual challenge. I anticipate publishable results to arise

from these projects in many cases. I believe that although the research component of

MIENTOX is relatively small, it will be of high quality, therefore I have to disagree with

Dr. Blakley. I must also point out that since these faculties are involved in different areas

of toxicology research and are presently located in different parts of the campus, the

proposed MENTOX program will provide more opportunity for these faculties to meet

and foster collaborative research opportunity.

Dr. Blakley also doubts that MENTOX students will be able to pass the ABT certification.

My response: The proposed MENTOX program includes courses in both mammalian

toxicology and ecological toxicology areas. Mammalian toxicology courses in the program

such as BISC 313, BISC 650, BISC 652, BISC 654 and BISC 846 will enable MENTOX

students to pass the ABT certification.

Relationship of the Proposed MENTOX Program to the Role and Mission of SFU. Dr.

Law is currently negotiating with the Canadian Network of Toxicology Centres (CNTC)

on behalf of the MENTOX program of SFU to become the Pacific node of the CNTC.

Program Or

g

anization. The scenarios described by Dr. Blakley have plagued many

toxicology training programs in North America. These potential problems underscore the

importance of having a management structure and a director who have real power to

administer the MENTOX program.

Admission Requirement. I agree physiology is one of the important components of

toxicology. However, I do not feel that it should be a requirement for admission since it is

impossible to incorporate all toxicology-related disciplines in the admission requirement.

Furthermore, there are several physiology courses in the Department of Biological

Sciences for MENTOX students to select as options.

S

r?.

---

Course Content. Systn tpcppgy, Feprpqqciyep1pgy, ertplogy, ri

re taught n

?

ai1c ?

;

in

Student Enrolment. Io rsppsp.

Teaching Resources. ()

?

co ?

(h) j-brar

y

?

p

uç I age ?

t

h

at

the budget for the ht,rary is small However, it is appropriate for the ize of the

TQX, pgram Mprqer,

?

TQ;

students ?

pect to plçe

?

Pf YPkk!

ryqçs sdh ?

!pns,

e

!ctr

p

n

i ?

hctipn

a

nd the Jnternet

Pr:

Fumi p

M!flqrz

MaJ9r ommerts

• No rpn

Ig

rç that

?

adj p of t

p

n4 fie chemist

c,

the

core f

c ' .

i Uy

?

enhance

?

the prprin in

the

t

ur nd J wW isçuss thi

s

with the P

ep

rtm e

r

t

o

fCjstry.

3

.

PrPne:

T

h e cll

y ?

ihcr in y

ofre4 in MNTP

?

lsq ccep traditional M.S and

§t e

nt mm the

i

r !ak

p

rtq re

n

pthc

r words

,

s

t4de

flt

s can

chpose ketwec the

M.NTP? pr

qp q

r

the tra

c

i

ti

ona graç.iate resech degree program.

This

wpuld seem

an appropriate level of flexibihty

5. I agree.

. Thi

s

is not entirely tn

.e

Mammalian toxicology

cou

r ses sic t i

as BISC 313, BJSC 65q,

IC 652, B

I S C

654 and MSC 84

?

terrestrial toxicology.,

7. .J id not go into details when describing the Co-operative Education

P rogr

a

ms

in c e

co-

opera

t

!Ye education is described t

p

r p

ugly in the SFU

calendar. Also it should be noted

t!it the MEiTQX degree is

not

cpptjpent on satisfactory Completion of the co-

pperative Education Prrni.

Additional Comments

FU qqqs nqt h 4 ye a Ph

.

! miwr pr9.r4n

Sincerely yqu,

Francis T

.

-w PhD.

Professor, Environmental Toxicology Prpgra

1. ?

( ?

-

---

st

?

d

,k.

-x -

?

'

Universit.e d'Ottawa

a

u1ii\'ersI.ty

-of Ottawa

t.

It ?

t

?

I

iic.I.qe

?

1.;C,

April 20, 1997

Dr. Phyllis Wrenn

Associate Dean of Graduate Studies

- - Simon Fraser University

Burnaby B.C.

V5A 1S6

Dear Dr. Wrenn:

Please find enclosed my assessment of your Masters of Environmental Toxicology Program. I

think you have an excellent program and wish you every success.

• ?

Sincerely,

Dr. J.T.

?

ason

Professor and Director,

Collaborative Program for Environmental and Chemical Toxicology

Ottawa Carleton Institutes

. ?

qq.

30, rue Marie-Curie C.P. 450,

Succ.

A ?

30 Marie Curie St., P.O. Box 450, Stn. A

Ottawa (Ontario) KIN 6N5 Canada ?

Ottawa, Ontario KIN 6N5 Canada

(613) 562-5718 • Téléc./Fax (613) 562-5486

---

RE'iEW!?

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITYS PROPOSAL FOR A MASTERS OF EONMENTAL

TOXICOLOGY

Overall tiscessmenE

This

is an excellent program, which should receive support, but must not be sold as

..sotnething it

is

not

The

title, viasters of

8tivitoriffiefital Tidcology", is very misleading, since.

the program Is clearly a management program, not a

conventional advanced research degree

(M •c The program

Will

provide excellent training for regulators, consultants and managers in

the field, but does not quall students as researchers, even if the experimental research project

option Is selected, since there is insufficient emphasis on research projects and thesis.

Furtherniore, the lack of

thu guaranteed thta.ncla.l support clearly Identifies it

as a management

program and not

it conventional research M. k in

science On the other

hand, there is clearly a

demand for this Is the type of program from students and employers and it will be

welcomed

enthusiastically

Acadmk Merit:

If considered as a Masters in EnvirorMental Toxicology Management, the program

will

provide excellent training for managers in the field,

The proposed program recognizes the interdisciplinary nature of the field ofenvh-oniental

toxicology and will allow a number ofBc dIeIplIne graduates to be admitted to the advanced

---

degree. In particular, the admission requirements for undergraduate courses in chemistry,

biochemistry & cell biology, and introductory toxicology are a sound basis for ensuring a

minimum skill set has been acquired. The selection of core courses is excellent, especially the

emphasis on risk analysis, toxicology tests, and statistics. The list of optional courses provides a

great deal of flexibility.

The one semester project provides an opportunity for practical work in environmental

toxicology in either a lab field or literature context. While not providing the experience or training

of a research M.Sc., the project should aim for publication quality.

The only oversight in the organization of the program is the lack of a formal management

structure for the program (see recommendations below)

0 ?

Adequacy offaculty and resources

Many of the faculty proposed for this program are outstanding scientists and lend great

credibility to the program. The proposed director, Professor Law has an international reputation

in the field and there are several younger up and coming scientist participating in the program.

Simon Fraser University has a long tradition in areas related to this field and has developed a

good reputation in the area. The budget requested for the progam is modest.

Demand among students

There is clearly evidence of demand in B.C. based on undergraduate enrolments in

environmental toxicology. We have noticed a strong demand for this area at our University

0

---

usually . in the

" hehb6Urhd6d seveia nuthis pei week. It i jéftived as an aiea that wlil lead

tO a 06sit6h iii the cüiréñi tliiuit j6b niakkei.

bèñthnd anion

?

l,jeb

EiiiieMäl tb*iCdlbg' is a rapidly

OW

—

Mg fléid and it is one of thâ few iia g

hi

sciëhCë Whefe tile dinàiid For

' ,

qualified graduates i

g higher thà the uppiy. The fëdëral

and

pr'o*/ihCiál gbvertihieht

aie still

hiih regulators ãhd tháhägérs in tbi äré; While engaged in

i-dUcti6nis

hi

iabbratoi-y scientists (this aá

as Well). Ih addition there is

a

strong den and

inthé

pnvaie seeto fot qualhlea indi4duai, far einiple; to do work in rik a

?

nielit, uperrie

tegulation

'o chemical and bioiogkai ödticts.

hange. change the nán'iè of the progtath to what it iS:

Masters oftkwirotiiehtal

toialagy Maiiageieht.

(AlsO

the ábbFëvatiöh MEi'ox

giVe me the Sãiiië üheási feeling ä

the new nihie proposed by a rnajo batik trying to pretend it isn't inMöntreál).. Make it cleat tO

the applioanth (lii a positive Way) that the program is hot a cOnvëntioiial M.Sd. with

a hiäjbr

feearch dien thesi, but that they will be ptepätëd for regulatory, consulting and thahägënleiit

cärëéts.

2) Managenetit stnitOfé. The prng1ath needs a forhtal governing struCtUre. F&6kAffiplè, a

dethilte téfin fbr the dfëCtbF iS required; and a procedure fc* the dëthocrätk hOhiiitatiOii anid

d4 new diietôr. there Should uc an annUal gehéFal nieetikig tO revieW the program

and

a cOmthii±eë sh-iktliFé ibr quick

akprovai

ofdñlissis. ?

•

Ia.

---

April 9, 1997

Phyllis M. Wrenn

Associate Dean of Graduate Studies

Simon Fraser University

Burnaby,

B.C.

V5A 1S6

Dear Dr. Wrenn:

?

?

Re: Proposed Master of Environmental Toxicology Program

?

(MENTOX)

I reviewed your MENTOX proposal with great interest. In difficult times at most universities,

few institutions are expanding into new areas. Toxicology may be an exception. At the

University of Saskatchewan, we have a similar Postgraduate Diploma Program which is

integrated with out postgraduate degree program in toxicology. At any particular time, about

20% of our graduate students in toxicology are registered in the Diploma program.

I will make comments primarily in the order of presentation in your proposal.

Program Objectives

• There is definitely a need to train environmental toxicologists. There are similar

programs in the U.S.A. that train 100-200 individuals at a time. In our program, the

federal government and private industry hires most of our graduates. Most are recruited

and hired before they fully complete all degree requirements. This is particularly true

with M.Sc. students. Our Ph.D. students frequently have more difficulty finding a

suitable position. Our POD students also have little difficulty finding suitable

employment.

Your second objective: to develop and maintain high standards of research and education

in toxicology, is not specifically met by your program. There is no research component

in the degree. The MENTOX program is not research oriented. The subsequent

paragraph clearly states a heavy research component is not the major objective. This is

basically the same objective of our POD program.

In your situation, I would expect you will receive applications from physicians,

government workers, individuals who presently work with consulting companies, etc., who

wish to upgrade credentials in the area of occupational medicine, industrial hygiene,

regulatory toxicology and environmental toxicology, in general. Your full- and part-time

enrolment option is essential for individuals who do not enter the program directly from

an undergraduate degree program.

You indicate that individuals will be eligible for ABT certification within four years of

program completion. The areas covered by ABT examinations include more than

environmental toxicology. I think they will have some difficulty passing the examinations

with only an environmental toxicology background.

Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan

44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon SK S7N 5B3 CANADA

Telephone: (306) 966-7441 Facsimile: (306) 931-1664

---

2.

Relationship of the

p ro p

osed

MENTOX

program to the role and mission of SFU

Your opening paragraph suggests that the

MENTOX

program wjll qualify for funding

1.

through the Canadian Network of Toxicology Centres (MC). The

CNTC

mandate is

directed to fund public education and postgraduate education through specific research

projects. The Guelph node of CNTC is responsible exclusively for the public education

initiatives. Your proposed program has no specific objectives related to public education.

Your graduate student training is not research oriented Therefore, I doubt that you

will

be able to convince the

Board

of Directors of CNTC that your worthwhile initiative fits

into the longstanding

CNTC

mandate,

3.

Program Organization

On page 7, you indicate that the home department for

MENTOX

will be the Department

of Biological Sciences. A variety of other departments will also participate. One

question you need to consider is: Is this program multi-disciplinary or interdisciplinary?

Toxicology is much better suited to an interdisciplinary format. Your model is multi-

disciplinary. Today, you have a strong home department and other participating

departments. The discipline of toxicology evolves and changes with time. Key

champions of your cause will leave the university. Within 10-15 years, your current base

may be seriously eroded. If a key person in chemistry retires, will his replacement wish

to participate or have the necessary credentials to participate in the program? Based on

our experience, the answer is a clear no.

If one department (Biological Sciences) serves as the dominant home unit in terms of

funding, faculty resources, etc., eventually the interest or incentive for other departments

to remain involved

will

be lost. You will lose the broad multi-disciplinary strengths of

your program. The product may become a modified biological sciences program. Issues

such as merit raises for faculty, departmental recognition of graduate students outside of

the home department, resource allocations to outside the home department, will become

dividing issues. Your proposed program crosses traditional departmental boundaries.

This is an essential feature to maintain in the program. Present resource allocations at

most universities, including SFU, do not cross these established boundaries. Eventually,

the program will encounter difficulty maintaining the broad departmental base. Some

formal mechanism must be in place to ensure all departments involved in the program

receive resources and funding reflecting the level of involvement in the program.

4.

Admission Requirements

Your admission requirements are reasonable, with one exception. Basic courses in

Physiology are essential to a sound toxicology program. This should be included. Your

admission requirements are flexible, perhaps too flexible. If a course is a prerequisite,

it weakens the credibility of your program to suggest that it can be made up prior to

graduation. We require students to upgrade deficiencies prior to entry.

.

c11.

---

• ?

5.

Course Content

For the proposed program, the course options are very ambitious. They reflect the

strengths of your faculty. Current toxicology directions at the present time have been

strongly pointing towards endocrine disruptors and related environmental areas. Courses

specifically in the area of systemic toxicology, reproductive toxicology and teratology are

critical. Regulatory agencies and industry place expertise in these areas as a high priority.

Your proposed program lacks in these areas and generally in the area of mammalian

toxicology. Analytical toxicology and inhalation toxicology are also key disciplines

related to environmental toxicology. There is also need for a specific Toxicology Seminar

course to expand student backgrounds.

In our program, we also offer a course in problem solving associated with current

toxicological problems. Problems may deal with an environmental impact situation,

development of a TLV, legal cases, residues, air/water quality, etc. The problems we use

are real problems for the most part. Various agencies hiring our graduates have requested

to interview only students who have completed this course. Many job descriptions in

both the public and private sectors reflect very closely the content and expectations of this

course.

Faculty involved in the proposed program have a strong background in aquaculture. I am

surprised there is no course in this specific area.

0

?

6. ?

Student Enrolment

Your projected student enrolment seems reasonable. I suspect you will receive potentially

100 applications per year. There is a need for an Academic Coordinator and clerical

support to handle the applications. Since you provide no stipend support, it is unlikely

that foreign students will meet visa requirements for financial support. The program,

basically, will consider only Canadian applicants.

7.

?

Teaching Resources

The proposal indicates that few new courses are needed. The impact on teaching

resources is minimal. In light of declining university resources, this may not be the case

in future years.

(a) Faculty resources: There appears to be about 6 well qualified faculty participating

in the program in a substantial way. Some might argue that this is below the

critical mass necessary for long-term stability. The strengths of broad based

programs such as proposed at SFU is a broad faculty base with a diversity of

ideas, approaches, etc. The loss of only one or two key faculty could place the

program in difficulty easily.

---

(b) Library resources: Toxicology journals and resource material are very expensive.

The costs of toxicology journals are increasing more rapidly than other journal

disciplines. Your total resource requirements of 50K could easily be spent entirely

on journals. Your jqurnal selection may still be inadequate even with this level

of funding.

8. ?

Proposed Courses

Most of the proposed courses appear interesting and useful. Many of the courses would

make a valuable addition to our Toxicology Graduate Program. The Biological Sciences

651 course (Food and Drug Toxicology) covers a variety of important concepts. My

concern is that there are too many topics for one course. We cover the same topics in

several courses in more depth (forensic toxicology, nutritional toxicology, metabolic

toxicology and subclinical toxicology).

BISC 846 and KIN 851 appear to be very interesting and appropriate courses. Risk-

assessment, toxicity testing, and biostatistics appear to be areas which are well represented

in your program.

Summary

Your ambitious proposal

will

fill a need in environmental toxicology. I would anticipate a strong

demand by both students and prospective employers. You may wish to contact potential

employers for input concerning courses as well. Resources to operate such a program will not

be plentiful. Minimal resources, changing faculty, evolving needs of society, will be a constant

challenge to the program's viability. With some minor modification, the proposed program

should be successful in the immediate future. Long-tem stability and success are difficult to

predict.

If you require further comment, please contact me. Best of success on your proposal. We were

involved in a similar undertaking about two decades ago.

Sincerely yours,

%447

Barry Blakiey, DVM, Ph.D.

Professor-

Academic Coordinator

Toxicology Graduate Program

University of Saskatchewan

BRB;ck

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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. DAVIS

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INSTITUTE OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL IIEALTIl

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DAVIS. CALIFORNIA 95616-5615

OLD DAVIS ROAD

(916) 752-134))

FAX: (916) 752-5300

May 15, 1997

Dr. Phyllis M. Wrenn

Associate Dean of Graduate Studies

Simon Fraser University

Burnaby, British Columbia

Canada, V5A156

Dear Dr. Wrenn:

I have reviewed the document, entitled "Proposal for a master of Environmental

Toxicology Program" and have the following comments to make:

Major Comments

1.

The proposal is timely proposing to meet the growing need for students trained in

your region. The background section (p 1-7) is well written, describing the rationale

of this proposal. Particularly important was the "difference in emphasis" between

UBC and FSU.

2.

The faculty members involved are well qualified to do the job. They are respected

scientists with solid track records both in teaching and research. An addition of a

bona fide chemist to the core faculty group would enhance the program in the future.

3.

The curriculum is solid. Students must work hard to get the degree. On the other

hand, the requirement of one semester of research experience deems short, but this is

not a PhD program. In view of other requirements which are also important, this

research requirement is minimal but understandable.

4.

While it is quite understandable that this program is clearly meant to train toxicology

practitioners for governments, industries and consulting firms, it would be desirable

to have an option for some students who do wish to continue to the PhD program (in

other institutions, if not at FSU). Even in the above type of organizations, top

positions are frequently occupied by PhD toxicologists. Some coordination with

JEST or other institutions (e.g. Guelph, Saskatchewan, etc.) may be beneficial. In that

case some applied courses could be dropped and additional basic courses could be

offered to those students.

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SFU DRAN GRAD

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UiS

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FAX NO. ?

604 291 3080

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P. 1/ 1

T&

iial

,

Comrneiits

I otce

that

chemicaj

Fesidue analysis, in5frtthientatjon, envIrokirnenjj reactions,

bfibid6hem

-iii

ky

j

eic.

are

not

hovered thoroughly. Probably,

the Jack

of

cheniëál and

or env1ronrnntal engineering expertise in this group Certainly several faculty

members are knowledgeable to

be

able to wer those areas, but in the fUture when the

program

desirable

develops and matures into a major unit an additOn

of

a

themist

would be

6 The

courses

are heavily slanted toward

aquatic

toxicology Hoiv about some

terrestrial

toxicology

(remémbet- "Silent

spring"

and

birds?).

The

Portion describing co-operative Educatioi Program is not thoroughly wiitteñ

to

Tljéke

eventually

àrê

1l-iäl1

take

questions

all

the required

remaining

courses

unanswerein

dUe

l

di

courSe?

FOr instance

Is there

áë

any

Students

résideñ(y

expected

reqUirement? What are the maxiniUm year to be allowed to bà enrolled in the

program, etc.

Additional COet

I am not famil iaE With your system. If you have PhD minor ( Or

program, it woUld

be

good

to have

some of those courses listed for those. If so, many

Ologist, zoologists, 1lriitoloists, sonic engineers, pharmacologists, biochemists,

etc.,

would benefit by atteiidihg those coU±es to become familiar with the environmental

issues 1

approaches

and

risk 69esn1ent technologies.

I enjoyed leading

the document, and I must Congratulate the faculty to come up

With a solid, and well thought otit proposal and the upper administration of your

university iticiuding

your Office and

Dean of Science, Dr.

Cohn

Jones for clear

vision and

the proactive decision thaking to adapt to the needs of the society and the students

training.

Let me know if there is anything else you like to have my input on.

Sincerely,

Professor and chair of Department Of

Ehvjroiunenal Toxicology and

Director of the Center for Environmental

I-tealth Sciehces

.

.

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